Vision Flashcards

1
Q

simplest eye

A

detect light intensity and direction its coming from

ocellus in planaria

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2
Q

ocellus

A

oriented in different directions. it receives light in and orients itself until the action potentials are the same and then it backs itself out of the light

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3
Q

compound eye

A

anthropods (insects/ crustaceans)
contains several 1000 ommatida.
each detect light and good at detecting movement
rate of 330/s (human 50/s)

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4
Q

single lens eye

A

mulluscs, jellies, spiders

moves forward adn back like a camera to focus light on the retina

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5
Q

vertebrate eye

A
cornea
aqueous humor
pupil
lens
viterous humor
retina
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6
Q

cornea

A

acts as an initial fixed lens

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7
Q

pupil

A

hole in center that allows light in

diameter determined by iris

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8
Q

lens

A

focuses the light onto the back of the eye

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9
Q

retina

A

made up of cells involved in photo transduction
ganglion cell layer
interneuron layer
photoreceptors

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10
Q

accomodations

A

lens changes shape to keep images in focus

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11
Q

hyperopia

A

far sighted

focal point falls behind retina

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12
Q

myopia

A

near sighted

focal point falls in front of retina

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13
Q

presbyopia

A

loss of lens accommodation ( with aging)

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14
Q

astigmatism

A

imperfectly shaped cornea

generates 2 focal points ( light scatters)

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15
Q

nocturnal animals

A

tapetum (reflective layer)

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16
Q

birds

A

vascular retina, more cones, multiple fovea

17
Q

squid/octopus

A

retina in proper orientation

18
Q

phototransduction

A

when light strikes photoreceptor, it releases less neurotransmitter

19
Q

iris

A

changes diameter or pupil

20
Q

aqueous humor

A

fluid inbetween cornea and pupil

21
Q

viterous humor

A

fluid in the eye

22
Q

fovea

A

depression in the retina where visual acuity is highest

23
Q

rods

A

high sensitivity to light
slow response
one type of rod pigment

24
Q

cones

A

low sensitivity to light
3 cones for color
fast response