Visual System Physiology

Question 1

The eye develops as an outpocket of the __________

Answer 1

diencephalon

Question 2

What part of the eye becomes the neural retina, iris, lens, and corneal epithelium

Answer 2

Ectoderm

Question 3

What parts of the eye do the neural crest cells become?

Answer 3

Corneal fibroblasts, corneal endothelium, sclera, stroma of iris, ciliary muscle myoblasts

Question 4

The outer pigment layer of the optic cup gives rise to the _______________

Answer 4

pigmented epithelium layer

Question 5

Where do the neural layers of the retina, such as rods, cones, bipolar cells, interneurons, and ganglion cells come from?

Answer 5

Inner neural layer of the optic cup

Question 6

Which muscles are contained in the iris?

Answer 6

Dilator pupillae and sphincter pupillae

Question 7

What vein and artery are found in the choroid fissure

Answer 7

Hyaloid

Question 8

The hyaloid artery and vein later become the ______ of the retina

Answer 8

Central artery and vein

Question 9

Which part of the eye does the optic nerve leave from?

Answer 9

Lamina cribrosa perforations of the sclera

Question 10

What is the blind spot of they eye called?

Answer 10

Optic disc (optic papilla)

Question 11

What is the outer, dense, fibrous, protective layer of the eye?

Answer 11

Sclera

Question 12

Cornea reflects light for ______ distances, while lens does fine focusing for _________ distances

Answer 12

far; close

Question 13

What are the 3 layers of the eye

Answer 13

Sclera, choroid, retina

Question 14

What is the vascular layer of the eye

Answer 14

choroid

Question 15

The sclera develops from _________ surrounding the optic cup

Answer 15

mesoderm

Question 16

The outer fibrous layer of sclera is continuous with ________ posteriorly and with ____________ anteriorly

Answer 16

dura mater; cornea

Question 17

Which part of the cornea has a high regenerative capacity?

Answer 17

Anterior epithelium of the cornea, formed from the surface ectoderm

Question 18

If you scratch your eye to the level of the _________, you’ll have problems with refraction

Answer 18

substantia propria

Question 19

The _________ splits the mesoderm into two layers

Answer 19

anterior chamber

Question 20

What is the iridopupillary membrane?

Answer 20

The mesoderm posterior to the anterior chamber; normally this is resorbed prior to birth

Question 21

What part of the mesoderm develops into the substantia propria of the cornea and the corneal epithelium

Answer 21

Anterior to the anterior chamber

Question 22

What forms the ciliary muscle of the ciliary body

Answer 22

The mesoderm within the choiroid

Question 23

Ciliary processes are components of _________

Answer 23

ciliary body

Question 24

What part of the ciliary body produces the aqueous humor?

Answer 24

Ciliary process

Question 25

What is the pathway of the aqueous humor?

Answer 25

Circulates through the posterior and anterior chambers, drains into venous circulation via trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm

Question 26

Ciliary process gives rise to the _______________

Answer 26

Suspensory fibers of the lens (ciliary zonule_, which are attached to and suspend the lens

Question 27

What is the function of the suspensory fibers of the lens

Answer 27

To help control the shape of the lens