Vital Signs

Question 1

• are used to measure the body’s basic functions.
• measurements taken to help assess the general physical health of a person, give clues to possible diseases, and show progress toward recovery.
• important indicators of the body’s response to physical, environmental, and psychological stressors.

Answer 1

Vital Signs

Question 2

Four main vital signs

Answer 2

Body Temperature
Blood Pressure
Pulse
Breathing rate

Question 3

average of normal body temperatures

Answer 3

37 degrees C

98.6 degrees F

Question 4

Body temperature is usually lowest in the-

Answer 4

early morning

Question 5

Body temperature is highest in the-

Answer 5

late afternoon

Question 6

Normal body temperature changes by as much as-

Answer 6

0.6 degrees C

Question 7

instrument in measuring body temperature

Answer 7

thermometer

Question 8

Body temperature can also be measured by a special thermometer inserted into the-

Answer 8

ear canal

Question 9

Any temperature that is higher than a person’s average body temperature

Answer 9

hyperthermia

Question 10

elevation is called fever and the patient is said to be

Answer 10

febrile

Question 11

A drop in normal body temperature

Answer 11

hypothermia

Question 12

Four sites in the measurement of body temperature

Answer 12

mouth
axilla
ear
rectum

Question 13

acceptable in awake, adult patients

Answer 13

mouth

Question 14

acceptable for neonates and small children

Answer 14

axilla

Question 15

acceptable for both children and adults

Answer 15

ear

Question 16

for infants and children

Answer 16

rectum

Question 17

Placed under tongue in either pocket just off-center in lower jaw.

Answer 17

Oral Temperature

Question 18

Proper technique is essential
Child – pull ear down and back
Fast, easy to use, and preferred in pediatric offices

Answer 18

Tympanic temperature

Question 19

standard precaution of rectal temperature

Answer 19

gloves

Question 20

is the measurement of the pressure or force of blood against the walls of your arteries.

Answer 20

Blood Pressure

Question 21

unit of blood pressure

Answer 21

mmHg

Question 22

Three factors that control the Blood Pressure:

Answer 22

Heart
Blood
Vessels

Question 23

increase heart rate/strength:

decrease heart rate/strength:

Answer 23

increase BP

decrease BP

Question 24

excessive fluid

loss of fluids

Answer 24

increase BP

decrease BP

Question 25

vessel constriction | vessel dilation

Answer 25

increase BP | decrease BP

Question 26

- The first number - measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats and pushes blood out to the body. - left ventricles contract

Answer 26

systolic pressure

Question 27

- second number - measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats - heart relaxes

Answer 27

diastolic pressure

Question 28

Normal BP for adults

Answer 28

90-140 systolic | 60-90 diastolic

Question 29

Normal BP for children (1-8 y.o.)

Answer 29

80-110 systolic | 60-90 diastolic

Question 30

Normal BP for infants (1-12 mo.)

Answer 30

70-95 systolic | 60-90 diastolic

Question 31

Normal BP for neonates (1-28 days)

Answer 31

>60 systolic | 60-90 diastolic

Question 32

is the term for increase in the force of ventricular contraction.

Answer 32

Hypertension

Question 33

- is the term with blood pressure less than 90/60 mm Hg. - Results to low blood volume.

Answer 33

Hypotension

Question 34

occurs when there is inadequate circulation; oxygen delivery to the tissue is impaired.

Answer 34

Tissue hypoxia

Question 35

Instruments used in Blood pressure

Answer 35

mercury sphygmomanometer aneroid sphygmomanometer electronic sphygmomanometer

Question 36

tells how fast the heart is beating per minute

Answer 36

Pulse rate

Question 37

pulse is lower when you are at-

Answer 37

rest

Question 38

pulse rate increases during-

Answer 38

exercise

Question 39

normal pulse rate for healthy adults

Answer 39

60-90 beats per minute

Question 40

Four common site for evaluation of the Pulse Rate

Answer 40

radial artery brachial artery femoral artery carotid artery

Question 41

most common pulse point

Answer 41

radial artery

Question 42

are usually used when the blood pressure of the patient is abnormally low.

Answer 42

femoral and carotid artery

Question 43

above 100 indicate hypoxemia, anxiety, stress

Answer 43

Tachycardia

Question 44

below 60 indicate heart failure, shock, code of emergency

Answer 44

Bradycardia

Question 45

A faster than average pulse can indicate such health problems as:

Answer 45

infection, dehydration, stress, anxiety, a thyroid disorder, shock, anemia, or certain heart conditions

Question 46

A lower than average pulse may also be a sign of a:

Answer 46

heart condition

Question 47

Normal pulse rate for adults

Answer 47

60-100

Question 48

Normal pulse rate for children

Answer 48

80-100

Question 49

Normal pulse rate for infants

Answer 49

100-120

Question 50

Normal pulse rate for neonates

Answer 50

120-160

Question 51

A normal respiratory rate is termed:

Answer 51

eupnea

Question 52

An increased respiratory rate is termed: | over 120 beats/min

Answer 52

tachypnea

Question 53

A lower than normal respiratory rate is termed: | less than 8 beats/min

Answer 53

bradypnea

Question 54

is shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing.

Answer 54

dyspnea

Question 55

Normal RR for adults

Answer 55

12-20

Question 56

Normal RR for children

Answer 56

15-30

Question 57

Normal RR for infants

Answer 57

25-50

Question 58

Normal RR for neonates

Answer 58

40-60

Question 59

instrument for RR

Answer 59

stethoscope

Question 60

Importance of vital signs

Answer 60

The main purpose of recording these signs of an individual is basically to establish a baseline on admission to a clinic hospital, or probably an encounter with a health care provider. vital sign measurement has proven to be useful for detecting serious diseases Vital signs are useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. They determine which treatment protocols to follow, provide critical information needed to make life-saving decisions, and confirm feedback on treatments performed. Monitoring your own vital signs may also help your doctor determine how effectively your medication is working.