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Community and Public Health > Communicable Diseases > Flashcards

Communicable Diseases Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Liver infection caused by HAV

A

Hepatitis A

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2
Q

Transmission of hepa a

A

Fecal oral route

Close physical contact

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3
Q

Incubation period hepa a

A

14-28 days

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4
Q

S/s of hepa a

A 
Jaundice
Dark colored urine
Fever
Malaise
Loss of appetite
Diarrhea
Nausea
Abdominal discomfort
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5
Q

Treatment of hepa a

A

No specific treatment

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6
Q

Prevention of HAV

A

HAV immunization
Safe drinking water
Proper sewage disposal
Regular hand washing

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7
Q

Caused by HEV

A

Hepa e

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8
Q

Transmission of hepa e

A

Fecal oral route
Foodborne
Blood transfusion
Pregnant woman to fetus

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9
Q

Incubation period hepa e

A

3-8 weeks

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10
Q

S/s hepa e

A 
Jaundice
Anorexia
Hepatomegaly
Abdominal pain 
Nausea and vomiting
Fever
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11
Q

Treatment hepa e

A

No treatment

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12
Q

Prevention hepa e

A

Hygienic practices
Avoid drinking water of unknown purity
Vaccine - 2011 china

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13
Q

Disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Tuberculosis

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14
Q

Other body parts attacked by tuberculosis

A

Lungs
Kidney
Spine
Brain

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15
Q

Transmission of tuberculosis

A

Airborne

Cough, sneeze

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16
Q

Incubation period of tuberculosis

A

2-12 weeks

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17
Q

S/s tuberculosis

A 
Poor appetite
Night sweats
Weakness
Fever
Weight loss
Gastrointestinal symptoms
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18
Q

Treatment TB

A

6-9 months drugs

Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide

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19
Q

Prevention TB

A

Screening
Early treatment
Bacillus calmerre guerin

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20
Q

Disease caused by mosquito borne JEV

A

Japanese encephalitis

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21
Q

Transmission of JEV

A

Bites from infected culex tritaebiorhynchus

Warm and rainy season

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22
Q

Incubation period JEV

A

5-15 days

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23
Q

S/s JEV

A 
fever and headache
Neck stiffness
Disorientation
Coma
Seizures
Paralysis
Seizures
Inability to speak
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24
Q

Treatment JEV

A

Treatment is supportive to relieve symptoms

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25
Prevention JEV
JE vaccination Acoid mosquito bites SA 14-14-2 vaccine Repellents, long sleeve
26
Caused by bacteria of genus leptospira
Leptospirosis
27
Transmission leptospirosis
Urine of infected animals Enter skin Skin is cut
28
Incubation period leptospirosis
5-14 days
29
S/s leptospirosis
``` High fever Headache Chills Muscle aches Vomiting ```
30
Treatment leptospirosis
Antibiotics
31
Prevention leptospirosis
Covering skin lesions Washing wounds Hygienic measures
32
Preventable viral disease of mammals most often transmitted through bite of rabid animal
Rabies
33
Transmission rabies
Deep bite or scratch by infected animal | Saliva of animal
34
Incubation period rabies
1-3 months
35
S/s rabies
Initial- fever and paraesthesia Progressive- inflammation of brain and spinal cord Furious- hyperactivity, hydrophobia Paralytic- muscle paralysis
36
Treatment rabies
Post exposure prophylaxis | Treat wound
37
Prevention rabies
Dog vaccination | Immunization
38
Mosquito borne tropical disease caused by dengue virus
Dengue
39
Transmission
Female aedes aegypti | Aedes albopictus
40
Incubation period dengue
4-10 days
41
S/s dengue fever
Febrile: fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, rash Critical: hypotension, pleural effusion, ascites, Recovery: seizures, itching
42
Treatment dengue
No specific treatment
43
Prevention dengue
Prevent laying eggs Dispose waste properly Emptying water storage Applying insecticides
44
Is an acute illness associated with fever caused by salmonella typhi bacteria
Typhoid fever
45
Transmission typhoid
Drinking or eating contaminated food and water
46
Incubation period typhoid fever
1-2 weeks
47
S/s typhoid
``` Poor appetite Headache Fever as high as 104 degrees F Lethargy Diarrhea ```
48
Treatment typhoid
Antibiotics
49
Mosquito borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to plasmodium type
Malaria
50
Plasmodium type
Falciparum Malariae Vivax Ovale
51
Transmission malaria
Bites of female anopheles mosquito
52
Incubation falciparum
9-14 days
53
Incubation vivax and ovale
12-18 days
54
Incubation period malariae
18-40 days
55
Treatment malaria
ACT Chloroquine Quinine Quinidine
56
S/s malaria
``` Headache Fever Chills Sweating Fatigue Pain Dry cough ```
57
Prevention dengue
Mosquito nets | Indoor spraying
58
Most advanced stage of HIV infection
AIDS
59
Transmission HIV
``` Body fluids Kissing Hugging Shaking hands Personal objects ```
60
Incubation period HIV
2-3 weeks,months,years
61
S/s aids
``` Tumors Encephalitis Retinitis Meningitis Tuberculosis Pneumonia ```
62
Treatment AIDS
ART and ARV
63
Prevention HIV
``` Condom use Testing and counselling Male circumcision ART EMTCT ```
64
Aka infectious Contagious Transmissible diseases
Communicable diseases

Community and Public Health (5 decks)

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