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Community and Public Health > Communicable Diseases > Flashcards

Communicable Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Liver infection caused by HAV

A

Hepatitis A

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2
Q

Transmission of hepa a

A

Fecal oral route

Close physical contact

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3
Q

Incubation period hepa a

A

14-28 days

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4
Q

S/s of hepa a

A 
Jaundice
Dark colored urine
Fever
Malaise
Loss of appetite
Diarrhea
Nausea
Abdominal discomfort
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5
Q

Treatment of hepa a

A

No specific treatment

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6
Q

Prevention of HAV

A

HAV immunization
Safe drinking water
Proper sewage disposal
Regular hand washing

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7
Q

Caused by HEV

A

Hepa e

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8
Q

Transmission of hepa e

A

Fecal oral route
Foodborne
Blood transfusion
Pregnant woman to fetus

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9
Q

Incubation period hepa e

A

3-8 weeks

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10
Q

S/s hepa e

A 
Jaundice
Anorexia
Hepatomegaly
Abdominal pain 
Nausea and vomiting
Fever
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11
Q

Treatment hepa e

A

No treatment

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12
Q

Prevention hepa e

A

Hygienic practices
Avoid drinking water of unknown purity
Vaccine - 2011 china

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13
Q

Disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Tuberculosis

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14
Q

Other body parts attacked by tuberculosis

A

Lungs
Kidney
Spine
Brain

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15
Q

Transmission of tuberculosis

A

Airborne

Cough, sneeze

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16
Q

Incubation period of tuberculosis

A

2-12 weeks

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17
Q

S/s tuberculosis

A 
Poor appetite
Night sweats
Weakness
Fever
Weight loss
Gastrointestinal symptoms
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18
Q

Treatment TB

A

6-9 months drugs

Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide

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19
Q

Prevention TB

A

Screening
Early treatment
Bacillus calmerre guerin

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20
Q

Disease caused by mosquito borne JEV

A

Japanese encephalitis

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21
Q

Transmission of JEV

A

Bites from infected culex tritaebiorhynchus

Warm and rainy season

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22
Q

Incubation period JEV

A

5-15 days

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23
Q

S/s JEV

A 
fever and headache
Neck stiffness
Disorientation
Coma
Seizures
Paralysis
Seizures
Inability to speak
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24
Q

Treatment JEV

A

Treatment is supportive to relieve symptoms

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25
Q

Prevention JEV

A

JE vaccination
Acoid mosquito bites
SA 14-14-2 vaccine
Repellents, long sleeve

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26
Q

Caused by bacteria of genus leptospira

A

Leptospirosis

27
Q

Transmission leptospirosis

A

Urine of infected animals
Enter skin
Skin is cut

28
Q

Incubation period leptospirosis

A

5-14 days

29
Q

S/s leptospirosis

A 
High fever 
Headache
Chills
Muscle aches
Vomiting
30
Q

Treatment leptospirosis

A

Antibiotics

31
Q

Prevention leptospirosis

A

Covering skin lesions
Washing wounds
Hygienic measures

32
Q

Preventable viral disease of mammals most often transmitted through bite of rabid animal

A

Rabies

33
Q

Transmission rabies

A

Deep bite or scratch by infected animal

Saliva of animal

34
Q

Incubation period rabies

A

1-3 months

35
Q

S/s rabies

A

Initial- fever and paraesthesia

Progressive- inflammation of brain and spinal cord

Furious- hyperactivity, hydrophobia

Paralytic- muscle paralysis

36
Q

Treatment rabies

A

Post exposure prophylaxis

Treat wound

37
Q

Prevention rabies

A

Dog vaccination

Immunization

38
Q

Mosquito borne tropical disease caused by dengue virus

A

Dengue

39
Q

Transmission

A

Female aedes aegypti

Aedes albopictus

40
Q

Incubation period dengue

A

4-10 days

41
Q

S/s dengue fever

A

Febrile: fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, rash

Critical: hypotension, pleural effusion, ascites,

Recovery: seizures, itching

42
Q

Treatment dengue

A

No specific treatment

43
Q

Prevention dengue

A

Prevent laying eggs
Dispose waste properly
Emptying water storage
Applying insecticides

44
Q

Is an acute illness associated with fever caused by salmonella typhi bacteria

A

Typhoid fever

45
Q

Transmission typhoid

A

Drinking or eating contaminated food and water

46
Q

Incubation period typhoid fever

A

1-2 weeks

47
Q

S/s typhoid

A 
Poor appetite
Headache
Fever as high as 104 degrees F
Lethargy 
Diarrhea
48
Q

Treatment typhoid

A

Antibiotics

49
Q

Mosquito borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to plasmodium type

A

Malaria

50
Q

Plasmodium type

A

Falciparum
Malariae
Vivax
Ovale

51
Q

Transmission malaria

A

Bites of female anopheles mosquito

52
Q

Incubation falciparum

A

9-14 days

53
Q

Incubation vivax and ovale

A

12-18 days

54
Q

Incubation period malariae

A

18-40 days

55
Q

Treatment malaria

A

ACT

Chloroquine
Quinine
Quinidine

56
Q

S/s malaria

A 
Headache
Fever
Chills
Sweating
Fatigue
Pain
Dry cough
57
Q

Prevention dengue

A

Mosquito nets

Indoor spraying

58
Q

Most advanced stage of HIV infection

A

AIDS

59
Q

Transmission HIV

A 
Body fluids
Kissing
Hugging
Shaking hands
Personal objects
60
Q

Incubation period HIV

A

2-3 weeks,months,years

61
Q

S/s aids

A 
Tumors
Encephalitis
Retinitis
Meningitis
Tuberculosis
Pneumonia
62
Q

Treatment AIDS

A

ART and ARV

63
Q

Prevention HIV

A 
Condom use
Testing and counselling
Male circumcision
ART
EMTCT
64
Q

Aka infectious
Contagious
Transmissible diseases

A

Communicable diseases

Community and Public Health (5 decks)

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