Vitamin/Mineral Functions and Deficiencies

Question 1

Night blindness, dry skin

Answer 1

Vitamin A

Question 2

Beriberi (polyneuritis, dilated cardiomyopathy, high-output CHF, edema), Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Answer 2

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

Question 3

Angular Stomatitis, cheilosis, corneal vascularization.

Answer 3

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Question 4

Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia) then death

Answer 4

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Question 5

Dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency.

Answer 5

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenate)

Question 6

Convulsions, hyperirritability, required during administration of INH

Answer 6

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Question 7

Macrocytic, megalobastic anemia; neurologic symptoms (ie optic neuropathy, subacute combined degeneration, paresthesias) glossitis.

Answer 7

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)

Question 8

Scurvy (ie swollen gums, bruising, anemia, poor wound healing)

Answer 8

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

Question 9

Rickets in children (bending bones), osteomalacia in adults (soft bones), hypocalcemic tetany.

Answer 9

Vitamin D (calciferol)

Question 10

↑ fragility of RBCs.

Answer 10

Vitamin E (tocopherol)

Question 11

Neonatal hemorrhage.↑ PT and aPTT, normal BT

Answer 11

Vitamin K (Phylloquinone)

Question 12

Dermatitis, enteritis, Can be caused by ingestion of raw eggs or antibiotic use.

Answer 12

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Question 13

The most common vitamin deficiency in the United States. Sprue, macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia without neuro symptoms

Answer 13

Vitamin B9 ( Folate)

Question 14

Weakness, muscle cramps, exacerbation of hypocalcemic tetany, CNS hyperirritability→ tremors, choreoathetoid movement.

Answer 14

Magnesium

Question 15

Keshan disease

Answer 15

Selenium