Vitamins

Question 1

VThere are (number) vitamins B.

Answer 1

8 Vitamins B.
B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12

Question 2

All vitamins B are WATER insoluble.

Answer 2

FALSE

They are soluble.

Question 3

Most of vitamins B are few storage because of their chcaracteristics of being water SOLUBLE.

Answer 3

True

Exception is B12: stored in liver (mainly), also muscles

Question 4

Commom symptoms of Vitamins B deficiencies:

Answer 4

Dermatitis (skin);
Glossitis (swelling/redness of tongue);
Diarrhea (GI tract);
Cheilitis (skin breakdown at corners of lips);

Question 5

Thiamine Deficiency - BERIBERI - Dry and Wet type symptons:

Answer 5

Dry types: polyneuritis, muscle weakness;
Wet type: tachycardia, high-output heart failure, edema;

Question 6

Wernucke-Korsakoff syndrome - symptons:

Answer 6

Alcoholics - malnourished;
Confusion, confabulation;
Ataxia
Ophthalmoplegia (blurry vision);

Question 7

Malnourished patients/Alcoholics - if glucose is given first without thiamina - the organism is unable to metabolize glucose.

Answer 7

TRUE
Case reports of worsening Wernicke-Korsakoff.

Question 8

Thiamine is vitamin b*

Answer 8

b1

Question 9

Riboflavin is vitamin B2

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The riboflavin is important in Electron Transport chain.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Riboflavin deficiency is very rare; Symptons:

Answer 11

Dermatitis, glossitis, Cheilitis, Corneal vascularization;

Question 12

Niacin can be synthesized from tryptophan.

Answer 12

True
Conversion of trypthophan in Niacin requires vit B6.

Question 13

Niacin- Vitamin B3 is used in electron transport.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Deficiency of niacin is known as Pellagra.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Four D’s of Pellagra:

Answer 15

Dermatitis
Diarrhea
Dementia
Death

Question 16

Isoniazid (inh therapy) - used in tuberculosis - decreases B6 activity that will decrease Niacin levels (from tryptophan).

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Hartnup Disease represents the absence of… … and it’s a autosomal recessive.

Answer 17

AA transporter in proximal tuble

Question 18

Hartnup Disease represents loss of tryptophan in urine.

Answer 18

true

Question 19

Less trypthophan consequency is less synthesis of niacin.

Answer 19

TRUE

The pacient will develop symptons from niacin deficiency.

Question 20

Pacients with carcinoide Syndrome can have altered tryptophan metabolism and develops deficiency of this aminoacid;

Answer 20

As consequence of that: Pellagra.

Question 21

Niacin B3 is also used to treat hyperlipidemia.

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

Niacin Excess causes:

Answer 22

Facial flushing

Question 23

Cause of niacin excess:

Answer 23

Seen with niacin treatment for hyperlipidemia.

Question 24

Vitamin B5 is Pantothenic acid wich most important activity is…

Answer 24

Doing coenzyme A

Question 25

B5 deficiency is very rare

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Symptons of Pantithenic acid deficiency:

Answer 26

GI symptoms: nausea, vomiting, cramps Numbness, paresthesias (burning feet); Necrosis of adrenal glands seen in animal studies;

Question 27

Vitamin b6 has three compounds:

Answer 27

Pyridoxine - plants Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine (animals)

Question 28

All vit b6 are converted to pyridoxal phosphate;

Answer 28

true

Question 29

Pyrydoxal phosphate plays a role in the pathways for synthesizing...

Answer 29

Dopamine Noreponephrine Epinephrine Serotonin GABA

Question 30

Deficiency of B6 can cause Sideroblastic anemia;

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What ocurr in in sideroblastic anemia?

Answer 31

Iron cannot be incorporated into HEME Iron acumulates in RBC cytoplasm;

Question 32

Lead poisoning can cause sideroblastic anemia by interfering conversion of ALA into HEME;

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Isoniazid (tuberculosis drug) is similar to B6 structure.

Answer 33

True As result of that forms inactive pyridoxal phosphate.

Question 34

Isoniazid results in relative B6 deficiency

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Isoniazid users must supplement ... when taking INH.

Answer 35

B6

Question 36

Oral contraceptives can increase vitamin b6 requirements.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Vitamin B6 deficiency symptoms are...

Answer 37

CNS symptoms - Seizures - Confusion - Neuropathy

Question 38

Vitamin B6 toxicity can cause...

Answer 38

Pain/numbness in legs; Sometimes difficulty walking;

Question 39

Biotin - vitamin 7

Answer 39

Cofactor for carboxylation enzymes

Question 40

Importants enzymes to USMLE wich depends of Biotin:

Answer 40

Pyruvate carboxulase; Acetyl coA carboxylase; Propionyl-CoA carboxylase

Question 41

ABC Enzymes depends of...

Answer 41

ATP BIOTIN CO2

Question 42

Deficiency of Biotin is very rare

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Symptoms of biotin deficiency:

Answer 43

Dermatitis, Glossitis, loss of appetite, nausea

Question 44

Massive consumption of raw egg whites can cause biotin deficieny because of Avidin

Answer 44

True

Question 45

B vitmamins are all absorbed from diet in...

Answer 45

Small intestine, most in jejunum Exception is B12 in terminal Ileum

Question 46

Vitamin B6 is a cofactor in a number of metabolic processes including synthesis of neurotransmitters, cystathionine, and heme.

Answer 46

true