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Biochemistry > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

VThere are (number) vitamins B.

A

8 Vitamins B.
B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12

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2
Q

All vitamins B are WATER insoluble.

A

FALSE

They are soluble.

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3
Q

Most of vitamins B are few storage because of their chcaracteristics of being water SOLUBLE.

A

True

Exception is B12: stored in liver (mainly), also muscles

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4
Q

Commom symptoms of Vitamins B deficiencies:

A

Dermatitis (skin);
Glossitis (swelling/redness of tongue);
Diarrhea (GI tract);
Cheilitis (skin breakdown at corners of lips);

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5
Q

Thiamine Deficiency - BERIBERI - Dry and Wet type symptons:

A

Dry types: polyneuritis, muscle weakness;
Wet type: tachycardia, high-output heart failure, edema;

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6
Q

Wernucke-Korsakoff syndrome - symptons:

A

Alcoholics - malnourished;
Confusion, confabulation;
Ataxia
Ophthalmoplegia (blurry vision);

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7
Q

Malnourished patients/Alcoholics - if glucose is given first without thiamina - the organism is unable to metabolize glucose.

A

TRUE
Case reports of worsening Wernicke-Korsakoff.

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8
Q

Thiamine is vitamin b*

A

b1

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9
Q

Riboflavin is vitamin B2

A

True

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10
Q

The riboflavin is important in Electron Transport chain.

A

True

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11
Q

Riboflavin deficiency is very rare; Symptons:

A

Dermatitis, glossitis, Cheilitis, Corneal vascularization;

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12
Q

Niacin can be synthesized from tryptophan.

A

True
Conversion of trypthophan in Niacin requires vit B6.

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13
Q

Niacin- Vitamin B3 is used in electron transport.

A

True

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14
Q

Deficiency of niacin is known as Pellagra.

A

True

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15
Q

Four D’s of Pellagra:

A

Dermatitis
Diarrhea
Dementia
Death

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16
Q

Isoniazid (inh therapy) - used in tuberculosis - decreases B6 activity that will decrease Niacin levels (from tryptophan).

A

True

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17
Q

Hartnup Disease represents the absence of… … and it’s a autosomal recessive.

A

AA transporter in proximal tuble

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18
Q

Hartnup Disease represents loss of tryptophan in urine.

A

true

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19
Q

Less trypthophan consequency is less synthesis of niacin.

A

TRUE

The pacient will develop symptons from niacin deficiency.

20
Q

Pacients with carcinoide Syndrome can have altered tryptophan metabolism and develops deficiency of this aminoacid;

A

As consequence of that: Pellagra.

21
Q

Niacin B3 is also used to treat hyperlipidemia.

A

Yes

22
Q

Niacin Excess causes:

A

Facial flushing

23
Q

Cause of niacin excess:

A

Seen with niacin treatment for hyperlipidemia.

24
Q

Vitamin B5 is Pantothenic acid wich most important activity is…

A

Doing coenzyme A

25
Q

B5 deficiency is very rare

A

True

26
Q

Symptons of Pantithenic acid deficiency:

A

GI symptoms: nausea, vomiting, cramps
Numbness, paresthesias (burning feet);
Necrosis of adrenal glands seen in animal studies;

27
Q

Vitamin b6 has three compounds:

A

Pyridoxine - plants
Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine (animals)

28
Q

All vit b6 are converted to pyridoxal phosphate;

A

true

29
Q

Pyrydoxal phosphate plays a role in the pathways for synthesizing…

A

Dopamine
Noreponephrine
Epinephrine
Serotonin
GABA

30
Q

Deficiency of B6 can cause Sideroblastic anemia;

A

True

31
Q

What ocurr in in sideroblastic anemia?

A

Iron cannot be incorporated into HEME
Iron acumulates in RBC cytoplasm;

32
Q

Lead poisoning can cause sideroblastic anemia by interfering conversion of ALA into HEME;

A

True

33
Q

Isoniazid (tuberculosis drug) is similar to B6 structure.

A

True
As result of that forms inactive pyridoxal phosphate.

34
Q

Isoniazid results in relative B6 deficiency

A

True

35
Q

Isoniazid users must supplement … when taking INH.

A

B6

36
Q

Oral contraceptives can increase vitamin b6 requirements.

A

True

37
Q

Vitamin B6 deficiency symptoms are…

A

CNS symptoms
- Seizures
- Confusion
- Neuropathy

38
Q

Vitamin B6 toxicity can cause…

A

Pain/numbness in legs;
Sometimes difficulty walking;

39
Q

Biotin - vitamin 7

A

Cofactor for carboxylation enzymes

40
Q

Importants enzymes to USMLE wich depends of Biotin:

A

Pyruvate carboxulase;
Acetyl coA carboxylase;
Propionyl-CoA carboxylase

41
Q

ABC Enzymes depends of…

A

ATP
BIOTIN
CO2

42
Q

Deficiency of Biotin is very rare

A

True

43
Q

Symptoms of biotin deficiency:

A

Dermatitis, Glossitis, loss of appetite, nausea

44
Q

Massive consumption of raw egg whites can cause biotin deficieny because of Avidin

A

True

45
Q

B vitmamins are all absorbed from diet in…

A

Small intestine, most in jejunum
Exception is B12 in terminal Ileum

46
Q

Vitamin B6 is a cofactor in a number of metabolic processes including synthesis of neurotransmitters, cystathionine, and heme.

A

true

Biochemistry (12 decks)

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