Vitamins

Question 1

Give at least 3 importance of vitamins

Answer 1

1. An organic nutrient
2. Required in extremely small quantities in the diet
3. Essential for normal metabolism
4. When def or not present in adequate quantity, def symptom may develop
5. Can’t normally be synthesized in animal’s body

Question 2

Give 3 Vitamins that can be synthesize by the body

Answer 2

1. Vit D – synthesized by animals exposed to
   sunlight
2. Niacin – can be synthesized in some animals from a.a. tryptophan
3. Vit C – can be synthesized by most animals
   except primates

Question 3

What can happen in Vit C deficiency?

Answer 3

weakened immune system
formation of sores in gums

Question 4

4 Fat Soluble vitamins

Answer 4

A, D, E, K

Question 5

2 Water soluble vits

Answer 5

B & C

Question 6

Inactivated form of Vit D. where would it go after being absorbed by the skin?

Answer 6

25-hydroxycholecalciferol
liver

Question 7

activated form of Vit D.
Where would it go after being processed by the liver?

Answer 7

1-25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
kidneys

Question 8

True or False:
1. fat soluble vits are poorly excreted
2. All types of water soluble vits are readily excreted in urine

Answer 8

1. true
2. false, vit b12 is not readily excreted in the urine

Question 9

• are organic substances needed in much smaller amounts, compared to CHO, fats and CHONS
• being organic substances, they contain C, H and O

Answer 9

Vitamins

Question 10

All B Vits contain nitrogen, except:

Answer 10

Inositol

Question 11

___ and ____ contain sulfur while ___ has cobalt

Answer 11

1. thiamine
2. biotin
3. cobalamin

Question 12

3 examples of vit A and its function

Answer 12

retinol, retinal, retinoic acid
to improve eye sight

Question 13

What is the chemical name for Vit D and what is its function?

Answer 13

cholecalciferol
calcium absorption for bone formation

Question 14

chemical name for vit E and its function

Answer 14

tocopherol
helps to maintain fur, skin, and for fertility

Question 15

examples of vit K and its function

Answer 15

phylloquinone, menaquinone
for blood clotting

Question 16

give the 12 water soluble vitamins

Answer 16

B1, B2, B6, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, B12, Biotin, Folic Acid, choline, inositol, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), Vit c

Question 17

what is vit B1

Answer 17

thiamine

Question 18

what is vit b2

Answer 18

riboflavin

Question 19

what is vit b6 (3)

Answer 19

pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine

Question 20

what is niacin (3)

Answer 20

nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, niacinamide

Question 21

what is vit b12

Answer 21

cobalamine

Question 22

what is folic acid (2)

Answer 22

folacin, pteroylmonoglutamic acid

Question 23

what is vit c

Answer 23

ascorbic acid

Question 24

• transmits light stimuli from the retina to the brain
• def. is characterized by night blindness or reduced ability to see in dim light

Answer 24

Vit A (retinol)

Question 25

Excessive def. of vit a results to development of _____ (dry eyes) and _____

Answer 25

xerophthalmia and conjunctivitis

Question 26

Deficiency of this vit causes retained placenta, birth of blind and uncoordinated neonates

Answer 26

Vit A

Question 27

- anti- rachitic vitamins (to prevent bone deformities) - functions are associated with Ca and P

Answer 27

Vitamin D

Question 28

Vit D with animal origin

Answer 28

vit d3, CHOLEcalciferol

Question 29

vit d with plant origin

Answer 29

vit d2, ERGOcalciferol

Question 30

- commonly known as anti – sterility vitamin. - a natural antioxidant - function as a metabolic regulator of the cell nucleus - related to Se in preventing muscular dystrophy

Answer 30

Vit E (tocopherol)

Question 31

- def. can lead to reproductive problem - excellent sources are cereal grains and prepared hays

Answer 31

Vit E tocopherol

Question 32

- anti – hemorrhagic vitamin (1) - required in blood clotting through ______ formation - can be synthesized in the intestines and is seldom deficient in livestock

Answer 32

Vit K phylloquinone prothrombin

Question 33

def. results to prolonged blood clotting, and in severe cases, hemorrhage - green forages and well cured hays has ample amount of this vitamin

Answer 33

vit k phylloquinone

Question 34

- an anti – neuritic vitamin - functions as co – enzyme in energy metabolism - excellent sources are cereal grains - rice bran is being used as raw material for thiamine preparation (tiki – tiki)

Answer 34

Vit b1 thiamine

Question 35

- deficient animals exhibit general weakness and low appetite – poor growth (1) - def. in human leads to development of _____

Answer 35

vit b1 thiamine beri-beri

Question 36

- functions in several enzyme systems related to protein and energy metabolism - found in milk and milk products, green forages and hay

Answer 36

vit b2 riboflavin

Question 37

- def. results to dermatitis and slow growth

Answer 37

vit b2 riboflavin

Question 38

- plays an impt role in enzyme systems related to CHO, CHON and fat metabolism - cereal grains relatively do not contain this

Answer 38

Niacin (Nicotinamide, Niacinamide)

Question 39

- def. results to dermatitis and retarded growth (1) - ____ (black tongue disease) is attributed to this deficiency in poultry

Answer 39

Niacin (Nicotinamide, Niacinamide) pellagra

Question 40

- is impt as a coenzyme in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism - feeds of vegetable origin contain ample amounts of this vit

Answer 40

vit b6 pyridoxine

Question 41

def. includes poor growth, anemia and convulsion

Answer 41

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Question 42

- a component of coenzyme A needed in various activation reactions in the metabolism of nutrients - widely distributed in various feeds

Answer 42

Pantothenic acid

Question 43

“goose – stepping” gait in pigs indicated deficiency

Answer 43

Pantothenic acid

Question 44

- is involved in carboxylation reactions and fatty acid synthesis (1) - normally synthesized in the intestines - ____ substance found in egg white produces this deficiency

Answer 44

biotin avidin

Question 45

def. is characterized by dermatitis and weight loss. the body won't be able to use fats as energy source if deficient in this.

Answer 45

biotin

Question 46

- is involved in DNA synthesis, particularly in the biosynthesis in _____ (1&2) - is involved in the transfer of single carbon units in various biochemical reactions - common sources are cereals, milk and yeast

Answer 46

Folic acid (Folacin, Pteroylmonoglutamic acid) purines

Question 47

- prolonged administration of sulfa drugs causes def. of this vitamin - def. results to anemia and growth retardation, in poultry – poor egg prod’n and hatchability

Answer 47

Folic acid (Folacin, Pteroylmonoglutamic acid)

Question 48

- impt in transmethylation reactions and in fat metabolism in the liver - its derivative, acetylcholine, is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses - common sources are yeast, liver and cereals

Answer 48

choline

Question 49

- def. results to poor growth and fatty infiltration in the liver (1) - _____ (slipped tendon) in chicks is attributed to this vit def. - surplus of this vit have methionine sparing effect

Answer 49

choline perosis

Question 50

- functions as a coenzyme in various biochemical reactions (propionic acid metabolism and red blood cell maturation) - sources are feeds of animal origin, such as meat meal and fish meal

Answer 50

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin)

Question 51

- def. will lead to pernicious anemia - since cobalt is a component of this vit, def of this mineral also results to this vit def.

Answer 51

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin)

Question 52

- is essential for growth of some microorganisms responsible for synthesis of other vitamins in the rumen

Answer 52

Para – aminobenzoic acid

Question 53

- popularly known as anti – stress vitamin - impt in form’n and maintenance of collagenous intercellular material (1) - also has involvement in and in _____ hydroxylation of praline and lysine

Answer 53

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Hematopoiesis

Question 54

true or false: Vit A does not occur in plant products rather as carotenoids or pro Vit A (beta carotene)

Answer 54

true