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XY1110 > vitamins 2 > Flashcards

vitamins 2 Flashcards

(39 cards)

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1
Q

what are the examples of water soluble vitamins?

A

B( 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12) and C

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2
Q

where is water soluble vitamins absorbed and digested?

A

small intestine

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3
Q

what is vitamin B1- thiamin made up of?

A

thiol and amine phosphate derivatives which include

  1. thiamine monophosphate, pyrophosphate and triphosphate.
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4
Q

what is the function of vitamin B1- thiamin?

A
  1. ATP production
  2. DNA and RNA synthesis
  3. non coenzymes roles
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5
Q

what is the regulation of vitamin B1- THIAMINE?

A

anti thiamine factors including raw fish, coffee, tea, berries, Brussel, cabbage and alcohol.

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6
Q

what are the sources of vitamin B1- thiamine?

A
  1. whole gains
  2. nuts
  3. meats
  4. vegetables
  5. eggs
  6. fruits
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7
Q

what are the benefits of vitamin B1- thiamine?

A
  1. reduces progression of multiple sclerosis and AD
  2. helps with the development of myelin sheaths
  3. helps with nerve functioning
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8
Q

what is the deficiency caused by vitamin B1- thiamine?

A

beri beri- muscle weakness, edema

wermicke Korsakoff syndrome- AIDS, malnourished, vision problems, confusion

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9
Q

what is the toxicity of vitamin B1 - thiamine?

A

anaphylactic reactions

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10
Q

what is the function of vitamin B2- riboflavin?

A
  1. transports and metabolises iron
  2. inhibits alcohol absorption
  3. coenzyme- FMN, FAD- beta oxidation
  4. forms vit B6, K
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11
Q

what are the sources of vitamin B2?

A
  1. milk
  2. egg
  3. rice
  4. liver
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12
Q

what are the benefits of vitamin B2?

A
  1. treats headaches
  2. prevents DNA damage
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13
Q

what is the deficiency caused by vitamin B2?

A
  1. sensitive to bright light
  2. slow learning
  3. insomnia
  4. stomatitis
  5. glossitis
  6. hyperaemia and oedema of oral mucous membranes and chelitis.
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14
Q

what are the types of vitamin B3- niacin?

A
  1. nicotinic acid
  2. nicotinamide
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15
Q

what are the functions of vitamin B3?

A
  1. redox reactions for energy metabolism
  2. metabolises vit C and folate
  3. lowers LDL and increases HDL
  4. makes NAD+ and NADP.
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16
Q

what are the sources of vitamin B3?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. meat
  2. fish
  3. wheat
  4. flour
17
Q

what is the deficiency caused by vitamin B3?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. pellagra- rough skin
  2. high sensitivity to sunlight
  3. four D’s: dermatitis, diarrhoea, dementia and death.
  4. red skin lesions
18
Q

what happens when they is a overdose of vitamin B3?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. facial flush
  2. severe itching
  3. stomach pain
  4. dizziness
  5. hypotension
19
Q

what are the function of vitamin B5- pantothenic acid?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. part of coenzyme A
  2. synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts, fatty acids and phospholipids.
20
Q

what are the sources of vitamin B5?

Study These Flashcards
A

kale

cabbage

eggs

kidney

liver

21
Q

what is the toxicity of vitamin B5?

Study These Flashcards
A

nausea and diarrhoea

22
Q

what is vitamin B6 converted to?

Study These Flashcards
A

coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate

23
Q

what is the function of vitamin B6?

Study These Flashcards
A

converts tryptophan to niacin

PLP coenzyme to metabolism

ATP

24
Q

what is the regulation of B6?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. absorbed in SI
  2. circulated in the blood to the liver
  3. forms pyridoxal phosphate
  4. coenzymes forms vit B6
25
what are the sources of B6?
leafy green veg beans beef liver bananas
26
what is the deficiency caused by B6?
1. microcytic hypochromic anaemia 2. impairs ATP production 3. depression 4. dermatitis with glossitis
27
what happens when they is excessive amount of vitamin B6?
severe neurological problems photosensitivity dermatological lesions
28
what are the functions of vitamin 7 ( biotin)?
1. helps during pregnancy 2. gene regulation 3. catalysis carboxylation reaction 4. use of amino acids and fatty acids in TCA cycle
29
what is the bioavailability of vitamin 7?
reduced by egg white and alcohol as heat destroys biotin
30
what are the sources of vitamin B7?
egg yolk nuts nut butters soybean whole gain mushrooms bananas
31
what are the deficiency caused by vitamin B7?
poor muscle control seizures hair loss hallucinations depression
32
what are the functions of vitamin B9?
1. makes DNA and RNA 2. prevents anaemia 3. transfers pyrimidines
33
what is the regulation of vitamin B9?
circulated to liver via blood
34
what are the sources of vitamin B9?
chickpeas spinach kidney beans orange broccoli
35
what are the deficiency caused by vitamin B9?
in alcoholics; anaemia, neural tube defects and spina bifida
36
what does vitamin B12 contains?
cobalt
37
where is vitamin B12 originated from?
algae bacteria fungi
38
what are the functions of vitamin B12?
1. RBC formation 2. DNA synthesis 3. neurological functions 4. cofactors to 2 enzymes
39
what are the sources of vitamin B12?

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