Vitamins

Question 1

What is a vitamin?

Answer 1

A mcronutrient needed in small amounts.

Question 2

Why do we need vitamins?

Answer 2

Some vitamins cannot be stored in the body so we need a constant supply.

Question 3

What are the two types of Vitamin A?

Answer 3

Retinol

Beta Carotene

Question 4

What are sources of retinol?

Answer 4

Cheese
Egg Yolk
Whole and Semi Skimmed Milk.

Question 5

What are sources of beta carotene?

Answer 5

Orange vegetables

Dark leafy vegetables

Question 6

What is the function of vitamin A?

Answer 6

Keeps skin healthy.
Enables us to see in dim light producing visual purple.
Helps children grow.
Produces mucus for mucus membranes.
Beta carotene is an antioxidant.

Question 7

What happens from a vitamin A deficiency?

Answer 7

Children do not grow properly as they need nutrients in right amounts.
Skin and mucus membranes become dry as bacteria can enter the body more easily and the immune system is weakened.
Night blindness as insufficient visual purple is produced.
Can damage the eyes and cause blindess as the eyes become scarred dried and infected.

Question 8

What happens if there is excess Vitamin A?

Answer 8

Can be to ic to the body as it can build up in the liver and poison the body.
Can damage the development of an unborn baby.

Question 9

What another name for vitamin D?

Answer 9

Cholecalciferol

Question 10

What are sources of vitamin D?

Answer 10

Sunlight
Oily Fish
Eggs

Question 11

What is the function fo vitamin D?

Answer 11

Enables calcium to be absorbed from the small intestine during digestion.
Helps calcium be deposited in the teeth and bones.

Question 12

What happens when there is a vitamin D deficiency?

Answer 12

Childrens bones and teeth will not strengthen and children can get rickets as if not wnough calcium is laod down they cannot support the body.
Adults bones may weaken and break easily as calcium will be removed from the body for other uses if its jot replaced.

Question 13

What happens when there is excess vitamin D?

Answer 13

Excess calcium can damage the kidneys especially in babies and young children.

Question 14

What is another name for vitamin E?

Answer 14

Tocopherol.

Question 15

What are sources of vitamin E?

Answer 15

Soya
Nuts
Olive oil
Seeds

Question 16

What is the function of vitamin E?

Answer 16

Antioxidant.

Question 17

What is another name for vitamin K?

Answer 17

Phylloquinone.

Question 18

What are sources of Vitamin K?

Answer 18

Cheese

Green leafy vegetables.

Question 19

What is the function of vitamin K?

Answer 19

Enables blood to clot to prevent further loss of blood.

Question 20

What happens when there is a Vitamin K deficiency?

Answer 20

Babies can lose blood internally during birth so they are given a shot of vitamin K when they are born.

Question 21

What is another name for vitamin B1?

Answer 21

Thiamine.

Question 22

What are sources of vitamin B1?

Answer 22

Meat
Milk
Cheese
Eggs

Question 23

What are the functions of vitamin B1?

Answer 23

Enables energy to be released from carbohydrate in body cells during respiration.

Question 24

What happens when there is a vitamin B1 deficiency?

Answer 24

Leads to beri-beri where nerves muscles and heart rate is effected.
Energy is needed by the nerve cells which controls the muscles and brain so a lack of thiamine stops nerve cells working properly.

Question 25

What is another name for Vitamin B2?

Answer 25

Riboflavin.

Question 26

What are sources of vitamin B2?

Answer 26

Milk Eggs Fortified foods.

Question 27

What is the functions of vitamin B2?

Answer 27

Enables fats, carbohydrates and protein during respiration.

Question 28

What happens when there is a vitamin B2 deficiency?

Answer 28

May result at sores in the corner of the mouth because it is needed to maintain healthy skin.

Question 29

What is another name for vitamin B3?

Answer 29

Niacin.

Question 30

What are sources of vitamin B3?

Answer 30

Beef Pork Eggs Cows milk

Question 31

What is the function of vitamin B3?

Answer 31

Enables energy to be released from food during respiration.

Question 32

What happens when there is a vitamin B3 deficiency?

Answer 32

Can cause pellegra (diarrhoea, dermatitis, dementia) | Prevents the brain and nervous system working properly.

Question 33

What is another name for vitamin B9?

Answer 33

Folate.

Question 34

What is the function of vitamin B9?

Answer 34

Works with vitamin B12 to make healthy red blood cells. | Helps reduce spina bifida in unborn babies.

Question 35

What hapoens if there is a vitamin B9 deficiency?

Answer 35

Can lead to megaloblastic anaemia where red blood cells can become enlarged. This is because the folate is not there so blood cells dont develop to the correct size and grow very large so they cannot pass through narrow blood cells. Lead to spinal defects in unborn babies.

Question 36

What is another name for vitamin B12?

Answer 36

Cobalamin.

Question 37

What is the function of vitamin B12?

Answer 37

Works with folate to make healthy red blood cells. | Keeps nerve cells healthy.

Question 38

What happens if there is a deficiency of vitamin B12?

Answer 38

Can lead to pernicious anaemia. | Vegans have to take B12 vitamin to make sure the do not come deficient.

Question 39

What is another name for vitamin C?

Answer 39

Ascorbic acid.

Question 40

What is the function of vitamin C?

Answer 40

Helps iron to be absorbed in the body. Needed to maintain connective tissue which bonds body cells together. It is an antioxidant.

Question 41

What happens if there is a deficiency of vitamin C?

Answer 41

Iron deficiency anaemia. Bleeding from blood vessels in the skin and gums can lead to red spots under the skin and loose teeth. Wounds take a long time to heal. Can lead to scurvy.

Question 42

What do antioxidant do?

Answer 42

Prevent chemicals from picking up oxygen so they cant damage the bodys cells.