Vocab

Question 1

Physical Properties

Answer 1

directly observable with the senses without changing the substance into something else

Question 2

Chemical Properties

Answer 2

can only be measured when a substance changes into something else

Question 3

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 3

Matter can neither be created nor destroyed, you end with the mass you start with

Question 4

Mass

Answer 4

a measure of the amount of matter in an object

Question 5

Matter

Answer 5

anything that has mass and volume

Question 6

Weight

Answer 6

measuring the force of gravity acting on an object

Question 7

Volume

Answer 7

measures the amount of space a substance or object takes up

Question 8

SI unit of volume

Answer 8

mˆ3 or cmˆ3 (for smaller volumes) (non-liquid) L or mL (for smaller volumes) (liquid)

Question 9

How is volume measured (liquid)

Answer 9

with a measuring container (measuring cup or graduated cylinder)

Question 10

How is volume measured (gas)

Answer 10

depends on volume of container (expands to fill available space)

Question 11

How is volume measured (regular shaped solid)

Answer 11

lwh

Question 12

How is volume measured (irregular shaped solid)

Answer 12

displacement method (put a liquid in a measuring container, find volume, put solid in, subtract new volume from old volume)

Question 13

Chemical change/reaction

Answer 13

a process that occurs when one or more substances are changed into one or more new substances

Question 14

Malleablity

Answer 14

ability to be hammered into a thin sheet

Question 15

Ductile

Answer 15

ability to be drawn into a wire

Question 16

Frequency

Answer 16

amount of wave lengths passed per second

Question 17

Viscosity

Answer 17

the state of being thick, sticky, and semi-fluid in consistency due to internal friction (floatability)

Question 18

Solubility

Answer 18

ability to be dissolved

Question 19

Oxidizer

Answer 19

ability to strip an electron off another substance

Question 20

Pyrophoric

Answer 20

ability to ignite when exposed to air

Question 21

Substances

Answer 21

matter that has a uniform and definite composition

Question 22

Mixtures

Answer 22

a physical blend of two or more components, each of which retains its composition and properties

Question 23

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 23

mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout

Question 24

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 24

mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout

Question 25

Phase

Answer 25

any part of a sample that has a uniform composition and properties

Question 26

Proton

Answer 26

atomic #, p+, 1+ charge, determines which element

Question 27

Electron

Answer 27

e-, 1- charge, determines what charge

Question 28

Neutron

Answer 28

nˆ0, 0 charge, determines if stable/radioactive

Question 29

p+n

Answer 29

mass # determines which isotope

Question 30

Photon

Answer 30

particle of light

Question 31

Light

Answer 31

electro magnetic radiation

Question 32

What creates light?

Answer 32

electrons dropping in energy

Question 33

Does light behave as a particle or a wave?

Answer 33

both

Question 34

Interference pattern

Answer 34

waves canceling eachother out

Question 35

Does matter behave as a particle or a wave?

Answer 35

both

Question 36

Photoelectric effect

Answer 36

light behaving as a particle and a wave

Question 37

Do metals react by losing or gaining electrons?

Answer 37

losing, positive charge

Question 38

Do non-metals react by losing or gaining electrons?

Answer 38

gaining, negative charge

Question 39

What do metalloids do with their electrons?

Answer 39

share

Question 40

Octet rule

Answer 40

main group elements make ions to get 8 valence e- (except post-transition metals, metalloids, and carbon)

Question 41

Octet

Answer 41

full s+p valence sublevels

Question 42

Noble gas configuration

Answer 42

having an octet (transition and post-transition metals can't get noble gas configurations)

Question 43

Chemical bonds

Answer 43

permanent connections between atoms in compounds, metals, and molecular elements

Question 44

Ionic bonds

Answer 44

metal cations + non metal anions

Question 45

Covalent bonds

Answer 45

nonmetals/metalloids + nonmetals

Question 46

Metallic bonds

Answer 46

metals + metals

Question 47

How are elements bonded Ionicly?

Answer 47

by getting electrical charges and the opposite charges attract creating the bond

Question 48

What is the ionic bond structure called?

Answer 48

a lattice structure

Question 49

Why do ions form?

Answer 49

to stabilize atoms

Question 50

Why do ionic compounds form?

Answer 50

to neutralize charges

Question 51

What are anions called when an ion?

Answer 51

"-ide" (chlorine - neutral, chloride - ion)

Question 52

What does every atom want?

Answer 52

a full valence shell

Question 53

Molecule

Answer 53

a discrete particle composed of a group of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded

Question 54

Formula unit

Answer 54

the smallest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound. It isn't a particle but rather the smallest portion of the pattern of the lattice that makes up an ionic compound

Question 55

Methane

Answer 55

CH4

Question 56

Ammonia (the base toxin used in cleaners)

Answer 56

NH3

Question 57

Hydrofluoric acid

Answer 57

HF

Question 58

Water

Answer 58

H2O

Question 59

Hydrochloric acid

Answer 59

HCl

Question 60

Hydrogen peroxide

Answer 60

H2O2

Question 61

Diatomic element

Answer 61

H, N, F, O, I, Cl, Br

Question 62

How many valence electrons in Hyrogen?

Answer 62

1

Question 63

How many valence electrons in Nitrogen?

Answer 63

5

Question 64

How many valence electrons in Fluorine?

Answer 64

7

Question 65

How many valence electrons in Oxygen?

Answer 65

6

Question 66

How many valence electrons Iodine?

Answer 66

7

Question 67

How many valence electrons in Chlorine?

Answer 67

7

Question 68

How many valence electrons in Bromine?

Answer 68

7

Question 69

What is a period?

Answer 69

horizontal row on the periodic table

Question 70

What is a group?

Answer 70

vertical column on the periodic table

Question 71

Which group are the halogens in?

Answer 71

group 7

Question 72

Which group are the noble gasses in?

Answer 72

group 18