Vocab #3

Question 1

The control center of the cell

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

The structures in the nucleus that that carry the hereditary factors (genes)

Answer 2

Chromatin

Question 3

Membrane that encloses cell contents, outer limiting membrane

Answer 3

Plasma membrane

Question 4

Refers to the molecules, or portions of molecules, that interact with water and charged particles

Answer 4

Hydrophilic

Question 5

Refers the molecules, or portions of molecules, that interact only with non polar molecules

Answer 5

Hydrophobic

Question 6

The substance of a cell that other than that of the nucleus

Answer 6

Cytoplasm

Question 7

Specialized structures in a cell that perform specific metabolic functions

Answer 7

Organelles

Question 8

The rod like cytoplasmic organelles respond to ATP regeneration

Answer 8

Mitochondria

Question 9

Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized

Answer 9

Ribosomes

Question 10

A membrane network of tubular or sac like channels in the cytoplasm of a cell

Answer 10

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 11

Membrane bound organelles responsible for modifying, packaging, and shipping proteins produced by rough ER to the appropriate destination

Answer 11

Golgi Apparatus

Question 12

Organelles that originate from the Golgi apparatus and contain strong digestive enzymes

Answer 12

Lysosomes

Question 13

Membranous sacs in the cytoplasm containing powerful oxidase enzymes that use molecular oxygen to detoxify harmful or toxic substances, such as free radicals

Answer 13

Peroxisomes

Question 14

Literally, cell skeleton; internal framework or proteins that determine cell shape

Answer 14

Cytoskeleton

Question 15

Tiny, hairlike projections on cell surfaces that move in a wave like manner

Answer 15

Cilia

Question 16

Long, whiplike extensions of the cell membrane of some bacteria and sperm; serve to propel the cell

Answer 16

Flagella

Question 17

The tiny projections on the free surfaces of some epithelial cells; increase surface area absorption

Answer 17

Microvilli

Question 18

Characteristic exhibited by a barrier such as a membrane, that allows some substances through and excludes others

Answer 18

Selective permeability

Question 19

The spreading of particles in a gas or solution with a movement toward uniform distribution of particles; also called simple diffusion

Answer 19

Diffusion

Question 20

Carries sodium ions out and potassium ions into the cell

Answer 20

Sodium-potassium permeability

Question 21

Method for the movement of substances from the cell interior to the extra cellular space as a secretory vesicles fuses with the plasma membrane (out of the cell)

Answer 21

Exocytosis

Question 22

Means by which fairly large extracellular molecules or particles enter cells (into the cell)

Answer 22

Endocytosis

Question 23

The ingestion of solid particles by cells
(Cells eating)

Answer 23

Phagocytosis

Question 24

Elongated shape, abundant rough ER, large Golgi; connect body parts

Answer 24

Fibroblasts

Question 25

Red blood cell; Carrie’s oxygen in blood

Answer 25

Erthocyte

Question 26

Types of cell that covers the inside and outside of the body, perform many functions

Answer 26

Epithelial cell

Question 27

Composed of indispose tissue, stores energy and fat

Answer 27

Fat cell

Question 28

Cell particularly abundant in lymphatic and connective tissues; important in the immune system as an antigen presenter to T and B cells

Answer 28

Macrophage

Question 29

Cell of the nervous system specialized to transmit messages through the body

Answer 29

Nerve cell (neuron)

Question 30

An immature egg

Answer 30

Oocyte