vocab 5 Flashcards
(39 cards)
linguistic expressions
any physical form (sound, visual image or sequence thereof) used to represent a linguistic unit.
grammatical
is the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language.
ungrammatical
In violation of one or more of the rules and conventions of a language as defined by the grammar, resulting in unacceptable, or incorrect, usage.
grammatically judgement
reflection of speakers mental grammar.
principle of compositionally
is the principle that the meaning of a complex expression is determined by the meanings of its constituent expressions and the rules used to combine them.
lexical expressions
(words) is usually the type expected from a request for definition, and it is generally expected that such a definition will be stated as simply as possible in order to convey information to the widest audience
subject
occurs immediately to the left of the verb.
object
occurs immediately to the right of the verb.
adjuncts
a word or phrase used to amplify or modify the meaning of another word or words in a sentence.
agreement
refers to a formal relationship between elements whereby a form of one word requires a corresponding form of another.
syntactic constituent
smaller expressions out of which the phrase was constructed.
cleft
a kind of sentence which some constituent is displaced or moved to the left.
substitution
replacing a constituent with a single word.
pro-forms
a type of function word or expression that stands in for (expresses the same content as) another word, phrase, clause or sentence where the meaning is recoverable from the context.
syntactic categories
a type of syntactic unit that theories of syntax assume..
syntactic distribution
determines the syntactic category to which it belongs..
noun phrases
personal pronouns, proper names and any other expressions that have the same distribution.
determiners
a modifying word that determines the kind of reference a noun or noun group has, for example a, the, every.
count nouns
nouns like cat or desk. can be counted.
mass nouns
cannot be pluralized.
adjectives
a word or phrase naming an attribute, added to or grammatically related to a noun to modify or describe it.
verb phrase
the part of a sentence containing the verb and any direct or indirect object.
intransitive verbs
verbs that require no complements.
ditransitive verbs
a verb that does not take a direct object.