vocab 6

Question 1

Semantics

Answer 1

subfield of linguistics that studies linguistic meaning and how expressions convey meanings.

Question 2

Lexical semantics

Answer 2

deals with the meanings of words and other lexical expressions.

Question 3

Compositional semantics

Answer 3

concerned with phrasal meanings and how phrasal meanings are assembled.

Question 4

referents

Answer 4

particular entities in the world to which some expressions refer to are called this.

Question 5

mental image

Answer 5

a words meaning stored in our minds.

Question 6

prototype

Answer 6

default mental image associated with a word that tends to be a typical or ideal image.

Question 7

hyponymy

Answer 7

a word of more specific meaning than a general or superordinate term applicable to it.

Question 8

hypernym

Answer 8

a word with a broad meaning that more specific words fall under.

Question 9

sister terms

Answer 9

when the reference is on the same level of hierarchy.

Question 10

synonym

Answer 10

a kind of semantic relationship where two have the same reference.

Question 11

antonym

Answer 11

the sense of being opposite.

Question 12

gradable antonyms

Answer 12

when something is between the two.

Question 13

proposition

Answer 13

the meaning of a clause or sentence that is constant, despite changes in such things as the voice or illocutionary force of the clause.

Question 14

truth value

Answer 14

the ability to be true or false.

Question 15

truth conditions

Answer 15

hold in the world in order for some prepositions to be true.

Question 16

entailment

Answer 16

one may draw necessary conclusions from a particular use of a word, phrase or sentence.

Question 17

principle of composionality

Answer 17

meanings of words syntactically combined.

Question 18

compositional

Answer 18

multiword expressions.

Question 19

non-intersection

Answer 19

an adjective whose reference is a subset of the set that the noun it modifies refers to, but that does not, in and of itself, refer to any particular set of things. principle of compositionality.

Question 20

anti-intersection adjectives

Answer 20

an adjective whose referents are not in the set referred to by the noun that it modifies

Question 21

subsective adjectives

Answer 21

meaning that an in- stance of an adjective-noun phrase is an instance of the noun.

Question 22

relative intersection

Answer 22

adjective meaning is relativized to noun.

Question 23

pure intersection

Answer 23

adjective meaning is independent of noun.

Question 24

non intersection

Answer 24

adjective doesn’t entail reference to object denoted by noun.

Question 25

converses

Answer 25

two opposing points of view or change is a perspective.

Question 26

complementary pairs

Answer 26

word pairs whose meanings are opposite but whose meanings do not lie on a continuous spectrum.

Question 27

usage based definitions

Answer 27

encompasses a variety of perspectives sharing the view that grammar is not only a system for producing and understanding language, but is also shaped by those processes during linguistic interactions.

Question 28

dictionary-style definitions

Answer 28

same meaning as idealized dictionary, not just true dictionaries.

Question 29

prototype

Answer 29

typical or ideal kind of example.

Question 30

word reference

Answer 30

the meaning of the word in regards to text.