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Flashcards in vocab Deck (38)
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1
Q

Distribution of lesions along distal aspects of the head (ears, nose) and extremities is described as

A

Acral

2
Q

Distribution of lesions along area of skin supplied by a particular nerve root, does not cross midline of body

A

Dermatomal

3
Q

Lesions distributed within skin folds and creases

A

Intertriginous

4
Q

Photodistributed lesions might be found -

A

Sun-exposed areas

forehead
nose
ears
cheeks

upper lip
neck

forearms
dorsum of hands

5
Q

lesions arranged in a ring shape

A

Annular

6
Q

lesions arranged in an arc shape

A

Arcuate

7
Q

Lesions arranged in a netlike shape

A

Reticular

8
Q

Clustered lesions

A

Grouped

9
Q

Lesions arranged in coalescing circles / rings

A

Polycyclic

10
Q

Snake-like arrangement of lesions

A

Serpiginous

11
Q

Target / bulls’ eye lesion

A

Targetoid

12
Q

Stirred appearance of lesion/s

A

Whorled

13
Q

Most common form of systemic vasculitis in children

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

palpable purpura, arthritis, abdominal pain, and kidney disease.
Seasonal pattern with a peak in incidence during the winter

supportive Tx +/- prednisone

14
Q

Painful subcutaneous hypermigemented nodules which can ulcerate along medium sized vessels
Fever, decreased sensation and reflexes
May also present with livedo reticularis
May affect any organ, most often skin, peripheral nerves, kidneys, joints, GI tract

A

Polyarteritis Nodosa

15
Q

Most common skin disorder in developed countries affecting up to 20% of children and 1-3% of adults

Develops before the age of 5 years and generally clears by adolescence

A

Atopic dermatitis

16
Q

Type IV delayed hypersensitivity response to numerous antigens

Inflammatory process involving the septa between subcutaneous fat lobules, with an absence of vasculitis and presence of radial granulomas.

Typically on shins
Begin as flat, firm, hot, red, painful lumps that are about an inch across
Within a few days they may become purplish
Over several weeks, the lumps fade to brownish, flat patch

A

Erythema Nodosum

17
Q

3 questions to ask when evaluating a pigmented lesion

A

Has it remained the same for the last year or so?

Is it symmetric, distinct borders, primarily one color?

Is it similar to other moles?

if yes to all 3, likely benign

18
Q

Melanomas are usually > _____ mm but can be smaller

A

> 6mm

19
Q

Indications for biopsy

A

ABCDE’s

Changes
New Lesions
> 50 yrs old
“ugly duckling”

20
Q

Most common form of skin cancer, >1 million cases per year in the US

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

21
Q

Erythematous papules or plaques with rolled boarders. Telangectasias in sun-exposed areas. Fragile, will bleed or scab easily with minimal trauma.

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

22
Q

Other conditions to R/O when considering basal cell carcinoma

A

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Fibrous papule

23
Q

Tx of choice for basal cell carcinoma

A

Surgical removal

Curette and Desiccation
Cryosurgery
Excision with standard 3-4mm margins

Moh’s micrographic surgery

24
Q

Tx for non-surgical, superficial BCC

A

Imiquimod
5% fluorouracil cream
Photodynamic therapy
Radiation

25
Q

BCC prognosis

A

locally invasive, rarely metastatic. Increased risk for other non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers

26
Q

Most common type of melanoma (?)

A

Superficial spreading. Horizontal growth, as opposed to vertical.

  • on back in men
  • back and legs in women
27
Q

Type of melanoma with rapid growth, more aggressive. Growth is vertical, so thicker tumors.

A

Nodular

28
Q

“sunspot”

A

Lentigo maligna

Occurs on chronically sun-damaged skin, more common in elderly patients. Slow progression. Growth tumor is primarily horizontal.

29
Q

Melanoma more common in people with darker skin color (African or Asian). Diagnosis is often delayed, so lesions tend to be larger. Look at the soles of your patients feet.

A

Acral lentiginous`

30
Q

characterized by a marked increase in dermal thickness on the upper neck or posterior back. It is found mostly
in overweight, middle aged, poorly controlled type
II diabetics

A

Diabetic Scleroderma

31
Q

Pediculosis

A

Head lice

32
Q

oval salmon colored lesions in a Christmas tree pattern

A

Pityriasis Rosea

33
Q

Most common infections of the hand

A

Paronychia

Acute: staphylococcus, streptococci, pseudomonas
Nail biting, finger sucking, aggressive manicuring, trauma, hang nail
Chronic: Yeast – candida, atypical mycobacteria, gram negative rods
Repeatedly exposed to water or irritants

34
Q

precancerous skin lesion caused by chronic sun exposure. These lesions are typically pink or red in color and rough or scaly to the touch. They occur on sun-exposed areas of the skin such as the face, scalp, ears, backs of hands or forearms.

A

actinic keratosis

Actinic keratoses may start as small, red, flat spots but grow larger and become scaly or thick, if untreated. Sometimes they’re easier to feel than to see. There may be multiple lesions next to each other.

35
Q

arise from keratotic patches and become more nodular and erythematous with growth, sometimes including keratin plugs, horns, or ulceration

A

squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinomas arising from actinic keratoses are scaly, as are actinic keratoses, but tend to grow thicker, and the pink macular to papular area develops into an erythematous raised base. Sometimes the lesion develops an overlying keratin horn (Figure 7). The lesions may take the form of a patch, plaque, or nodule, sometimes with scaling or an ulcerated center. The borders often are irregular and bleed easily. Unlike basal cell carcinomas, the heaped-up edges of the lesions are fleshy rather than clear in appearance.

36
Q

Hyperkeratotic, exophytic, dome-shaped papules or plaques
Most common on fingers, dorsal hands, knees or elbows
Punctate black dots representing thrombosed capillaries
May be koebnerize: spread with skin trauma

A

verruca vulgaris

37
Q

Skin-colored or pink
Smooth surface, slightly elevated, flat topped papules
Dorsal hands, arms, and face (exposed areas)

A

verruca planae

38
Q

Thick endophytic (depressed into skin of sole) papules
Mosaic warts: plantar warts coalescing into large plaques
Can accumulate a thick callus over and around the wart
May be painful when walking

A

paloplatar verruca