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AP English Vocab > Vocab List #1 > Flashcards

Vocab List #1 Flashcards

0
Q

Logos

A

One of the three major appeals, logos is the logical approach the speaker uses to support his/her message to their audience and support it.

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1
Q

Rhetoric

A

The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing.

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2
Q

Ethos

A

Ethos is another appeal that speakers use.

Ethos is a speaker’s demonstration of credible authority to their audience so that they are more likely to listen to them.

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3
Q

Pathos

A

The last of the appeals, pathos is all about getting the reader to connect to the speaker’s message emotionally. It is the most powerful and most affective appeal there is.

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4
Q

Point of view

A

The perspective/ narrative of which a piece or story is being told.

1st person, 2nd person, 3rd person.

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5
Q

Shift

A

The speaker’s change of tone by using different vocabulary and language use.

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6
Q

Simile

A

A comparison of two things using like or as.

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7
Q

Metaphor

A

A comparison of two things without using like or as.

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8
Q

Personification

A

Giving a non living thing qualities a living thing has.

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9
Q

Hyberpole

A

An extreme exaggeration.

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10
Q

Paradox

A

A statement that contradicts itself.

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11
Q

Exigence

A

an issue, problem, or situation that causes the speaker to address.

Example: Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood: the murder of the Clutter Family.

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12
Q

Anaphora

A

The repetition of the same word or expression at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, sentences, or lines for rhetorical or poetic effect.

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13
Q

Ellipsis

A

The deliberate omission of a word or words that are readily implied by the context.

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14
Q

Asyndeton

A

The deliberate omission of conjunctions in a series of related words, phrases, or clauses.

Ex: see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil.

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15
Q

Anadiplosis

A

The repetition of a prominent (usually the final) word of a phrase, clause, line, or stanza at the beginning of the next.

Ex: Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.

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16
Q

Epanalepsis

A

The repetition, placed at the end of a sentence, line, clause, or phrase, of the word or words at the beginning of the same sentence, line, clause or phrase.

Ex: weep no more, woeful shepherds, weep no more. P

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17
Q

Epistrophe

A

The repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive phrases or clauses.

Ex: when I was a child, I used to speak as a child, think as a child, reason, like a child.

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18
Q

Polysyndeton

A

The repetition of conjunctions within a sentence for special emphasis.

Ex: football still demands those attributes of courage and stamina and coordinated efficiency.

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19
Q

Antimetabole

A

A sentence strategy in which the arrangement of ideas in the second phrase or clause is a reversal of the first. (Using the same words) (a-b-b-a)

Ex: p

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20
Q

Antithesis

A

A contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction.

Ex: “I did not come to abolish, but to fulfill.”

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21
Q

Parallelism

A

A similarity in the way parts of a sentence or sentences are out together. (Grammatical or structural)

Ex: “the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage.”

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22
Q

Juxtaposition

A

The placement of two contrasting objects together in the same sentence.

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23
Q

Allusion

A

A reference to someone or something within the context of a situation.

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24
Q

Rhetorical question

A

A question merely asked for effect and not a response. I

25
Q

Complex sentence

A

A sentence containing a independent and dependent clause.

Example: there are dreams that cannot die.

26
Q

Simple Sentence

A

A sentence with one independent clause.

Example: the boy fell.

27
Q

Compound-complex sentence

A

A sentence with two independent clauses and one dependent clauses.

  • Although I enjoy shopping (DEP), I haven’t been to the mall in two weeks (IND), and I am broke (IND)!
  • If I earn money from my chores (DEP), I will buy a new purse (IND), but I don’t get my allowance today (IND).
  • I want to play in the snow (IND), but unless I can find my gloves (DEP), I can’t (IND).
28
Q

Compound sentence

A

A sentence that contains two independent clauses.

Example: Sam went shopping, so Shelby played tennis.

29
Q

Loose sentence

A

A sentence beginning with a main clause followed by a subordinate clause.

He went into town to buy groceries, visit his friends, and then go to the bookstore.

30
Q

Periodic sentence

A

A sentence where the subordinate clause is first and the main clause is second.

Ex:”To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men, that is genius.”
(Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Self-Reliance,” 1841
Q

31
Q

Euphemism

A

An inoffensive word or phrase to cover up a tragedy or something bad that has happened.

Ex: passed away.

32
Q

Repetition

A

Repeating something that has already been written.

33
Q

Symbolism

A

A symbol used to represent something but has a deeper meaning to represent something else.

34
Q

Apostrophe

A

an exclamatory rhetorical figure of speech, when a speaker or writer breaks off and directs speech to an imaginary person or abstract quality or idea.

35
Q

Metonymy

A

A phrase or word that is used to stand in for another word.

Example: Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.

Ears represents attention.

36
Q

Oxymoron

A

A figure of speech where two contradictory statements are combined to form an expression.

Example: Sweet sorrow.

37
Q

Understatement

A

An expression which makes something less huge or important than it actually is.

Example: To say I’m disappointed is an understatement.

38
Q

Sarcasm

A

The use of irony or mocking against another person.

39
Q

Pun

A

A play on words.

Example: The best way to communicate with a fish is to drop them a line.

40
Q

Irony

A

A statement that contains a meaning exactly opposite than the one it is conveying.

Example: a thousand knives, when all you need is a fork

41
Q

Synecdoche

A

A part of a sentence that represents a whole.

Example: All hands on deck.

42
Q

Tone

A

The author or speaker’s attitude towards the subject.

43
Q

Tone word: Mocking

A

Making fun of someone or something in a cruel way.

44
Q

Tone word: objective

A

An author being honest, calling things exactly as they are.

45
Q

Tone word: Condescending

A

A tone that is very arrogant, disdainful and rude attitude towards a thing or person. Any author that uses this tone is considered to be insulting the other person.

46
Q

Tone word: Contemptuous

A

An author or speaker expressing deep disgust or hatred towards another subject or person.

47
Q

Tone word: Candid

A

frank; outspoken; open and sincere

48
Q

Tone: Inflammatory

A

ending to arouse anger, hostility, passion

49
Q

Tone word: Zealous

A

marked by active interest and enthusiasm

50
Q

Tone word: Whimsical

A

erratic; unpredictable; given to whimsy or fanciful notions

51
Q

Tone word: informative

A

Giving information on a topic without voicing an opinion.

52
Q

Diction

A

Word choice.

53
Q

Diction word: Colloquial

A

Local slang. Refers to ways things are said in a local area, that might be different to other parts.

54
Q

Diction word: Informal

A

The language of everyday use. It is relaxed and conversational.
It often includes common and simple words, idioms, slang, jargon, and contractions.

55
Q

Diction word: Formal

A

Contains language that creates an elevated tone. It is free of slang, idioms, colloquialisms, and contractions. It often contains polysyllabic words, sophisticated syntax, and elegant word choice

56
Q

Diction word: Neutral

A

Uses standard language and vocabulary without elaborate words and may include contractions

57
Q

Diction word: Sensuous

A

Relating to or appealing to the senses.

58
Q

Diction word: Scholarly

A

In scholarly diction, the goal is to convey information and ideas clearly and precisely using the vocabulary and basic concepts that are particular to your field.

59
Q

Diction word: Detached

A

Indifference and disinterest from other people’s feelings or surroundings.

AP English Vocab (3 decks)

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