vocab quiz

Question 1

distinction

Answer 1

efforts to distinguish one’s own group from others

Question 2

male and female

Answer 2

a type of sex

Question 3

male-bodied and female-bodied

Answer 3

used to specify that sex refers to the body and may not extend to how a person feels or acts

Question 4

masculine and feminine

Answer 4

things we associate with men (women)

Question 5

gender

Answer 5

the symbolism of masculinity and femininity that we connect to being male-bodied or female-bodied

Question 6

binary

Answer 6

a system with two and only two separate and distinct parts, like binary code (the 1’s and 0’s used in computing) or a binary star system (in which two stars orbit around each other)

Question 7

personal exception theory of gender

Answer 7

a theory that allows us to reconcile our own complex identity with what we think we know about men and women by assuming that we’re unusually unique

Question 8

ideology

Answer 8

set of ideas widely shared by members of a society that guides identities, behaviors, and institutions

Question 9

intersex

Answer 9

bodies that are not clearly male or female

Question 10

gender identity

Answer 10

a sense of oneself as male or female

Question 11

transexual

Answer 11

a person who experiences gender dysphoria

Question 12

gender dysphoria

Answer 12

the sense that one is a man trapped in a woman’s body, or vice versa

Question 13

drag queens and kings

Answer 13

conventionally gendered and often heterosexual men and women who dress up and behave like members of the opposite sex, usually for fun or pay

Question 14

social construction

Answer 14

a process by which we make reality meaningful through shared interpretation

Question 15

gender binary glasses

Answer 15

a pair of lenses that separate everything we see into masculine and feminine categories

Question 16

cultural competence

Answer 16

a familiarity and facility with how the members of a society typically think and behave

Question 17

associative memory

Answer 17

a phenomenon in which cells in our brains that process and transmit information make literal connections between concepts, such that some ideas are associated with other ideas

Question 18

sexual dimorphism

Answer 18

differences between males and females in appearance and behavior

Question 19

observed differences

Answer 19

the results of surveys, experiments, and other ways of collecting information

Question 20

priming

Answer 20

trick in which study objects are reminded of a stereotype right before a test

Question 21

learned differences

Answer 21

differences that are a result of how we’re raised (for example, religion or parenting) or our socio-cultural environment (i.e. education or media consumption)

Question 22

biological differences

Answer 22

differences caused by hormones, brain morphology, or genetics

Question 23

genes

Answer 23

a set of instructions for building and maintaining our bodies

Question 24

genotype

Answer 24

a unique set of genes

Question 25

phenotype

Answer 25

an observable set of physical and behavioral traits

Question 26

sex-linked

Answer 26

traits tied to whether a person is a genetic female (XX) or genetic male (XY)

Question 27

sex-limited

Answer 27

genes only expressed if they are in a male or female body

Question 28

sex-influenced

Answer 28

genes that do different things in male and female bodies

Question 29

hormones

Answer 29

messengers in a chemical communication system

Question 30

mental rotation

Answer 30

the ability to imagine an object rotating in your mind

Question 31

brain organization theory

Answer 31

idea that male and female brains may have different strengths and weaknesses

Question 32

mutable

Answer 32

responsibie to efforts to shift or disrupt

Question 33

nature/nurture debate

Answer 33

argument between people who believe that observed differences between men and women are biological and those who believe that these differences are acquired through socialization

Question 34

naturalism

Answer 34

idea that biology affects our behavior independently of our environment

Question 35

culturalism

Answer 35

idea that we are "blank slates" that become who we are purely through learning and socialization

Question 36

gene-environment interaction

Answer 36

fact that a gene can express itself in many, sometimes thousands of different ways and the environment is an important determining factor, telling our genes what to do and when

Question 37

hormonal feedback loops

Answer 37

the fact that hormone levels don't just influence us to do things; the things we do also influence our hormone levels

Question 38

brain plasticity

Answer 38

our brain's ability to respond to the environment

Question 39

doing gender

Answer 39

phrase used to describe the ways in which we actively obey and break gender rules

Question 40

gender rules

Answer 40

instructions for how to appear and behave as a man or woman

Question 41

cultural traveling

Answer 41

moving from one cultural or subcultural context to another and sometimes back

Question 42

injection model of socialization

Answer 42

a model in which genderless children are "dosed" with a gender role in their childhood

Question 43

learning model of socialization

Answer 43

a model that suggests that socialization is a lifelong process of learning and re-learning gendered expectations and how to negotiate them

Question 44

gender policing

Answer 44

responses to the violation of gender rules aimed at promoting conformity

Question 45

account

Answer 45

an explanation for why a person broke the rule that then excused his or her behavior

Question 46

culturally unintelligible

Answer 46

to be so outside the symbolic meaning system that people will not know how to interact with you

Question 47

intersectionality

Answer 47

fact that gender is not an isolated social fact about us, but instead intersects with our other identities

Question 48

gender strategy

Answer 48

finding a way of doing gender that works for us as unique individuals who are also shaped by other parts of our identity and the realities of our lives

Question 49

lynching

Answer 49

murder carried out by citizens in the absence of due process, most notoriously by hanging

Question 50

sexual minorities

Answer 50

gay lesbian and bisexual people

Question 51

homophobia

Answer 51

the fear and hatred of sexual minorities

Question 52

compulsory heterosexuality

Answer 52

a rule that all men be attracted to woman and all women to men

Question 53

heteronormative/heteronormativity

Answer 53

assumption that everyone is hetereosexual unless there are signs indicating otherwise a term used to describe sexual minorities who try to be as "normal" as possible

Question 54

downward mobility

Answer 54

a decline in one's socioeconomic position

Question 55

ageism

Answer 55

prejudice based on a preference for the young and the equating of signs of aging with decreased social value

Question 56

institution

Answer 56

persistent patterns of social interaction aimed at meeting the needs of a society that can't easily be met by individuals alone

Question 57

norms

Answer 57

beliefs and practices that, by being institutionalized, are well known, widely followed, and culturally approved

Question 58

policies

Answer 58

explicit and codified expectations, often with stated consequences for deviance

Question 59

social structure

Answer 59

the entire set of institutions within which we live our lives

Question 60

gendered institution

Answer 60

one in which gender is used as an organizing principle

Question 61

gender salience

Answer 61

the relevance of gender across contexts, activities, and spaces

Question 62

gender order

Answer 62

the social organization of gender relations in a society