Vocabulary Flashcards
_________ are created when two parallel lines are crossed by another line called a transversal. they are inside the parallel lines and on opposite sides of the transversal.
Alternate interior angles
This diagram shows two pairs of alternate interior angles. Angles a and d are one pair and angles b and c are another pair.
The _______ is a fixed point on a plane. It is the starting point from which we measure distances in a dilation.
center of dilation
_______ means to turn in the same direction as the hands of a clock. It is a turn to the right.
Clockwise
One figure is _______ to another if it can be moved with translations, rotations, and reflections to fit exactly over the other.
congruent
In an expression like 5x + 2 , the number 2 is called the _______ because it doesn’t change when x changes.
constant term
When part of an original figure matches up with part of a copy, we call them ________ parts. These could be points, segments, angles, or distances.
corresponding
_______ means to turn opposite of the way the hands of a clock turn. It is a turn to the left.
Counterclockwise
The ____ _____ of a number n is the number whose cube is n. It is also the edge length of a cube with a volume of n. We write the cube root of n as ∛n.
cube root
We write the cube root of n as ∛n.
For example, the cube root of 64, written as ∛64, is 4 because 43 is 64. 4 is also the edge length of a cube that has a volume of 64.
A _______ ________ represents the output of a function.
dependent variable
We need to buy 20 pieces of fruit and decide to buy apples and bananas. If we select the number of apples first, the equation = 20 - a shows the number of bananas we can buy. The number of bananas is the dependent variable because it depends on the number of apples.
A ______ is a transformation in which each point on a figure moves along a line and changes its distance from a fixed point. The fixed point is the center of the ______. All of the original distances are multiplied by the same scale factor.
dilation
The __________ is the side of a right triangle that is opposite the right angle. It is the longest side of a right triangle.
hypotenuse
An ________ is the result of translations, rotations, and reflections on an object. Every part of the original object moves in the same way to match up with a part of the _______.
image
An _______ _______ is an amount that is used to calculate another amount. It represents the input of a function.
independent variable
An _______ _______ is a number that is not a fraction or the opposite of a fraction.
irrational number
The ______ of a right triangle are the sides that make the right angle.
legs
A _______ _________ between two quantities means they are related like this: When one quantity changes by a certain amount, the other quantity always changes by a set amount. In this type relationship, one quantity has a constant rate of change with respect to the other.
linear relationship
A ________ ________ is a relationship between two quantities where one tends to decrease as the other increases. In a scatter plot, the data points tend to cluster around a line with negative slope.
negative association
An ________ is a data value that is far from the other values in the data set.
outlier
A _______ __________ is a relationship between two quantities where one tends to increase as the other increases. In a scatter plot, the data points tend to cluster around a line with positive slope.
positive association
The ________ ________ describes the relationship between the side lengths of right triangles.
Pythagorean Theorem
The _____ __ ____ in a linear relationship is the amount changes when increases by 1. It is in a linear relationship is also the slope of its graph.
rate of change
A ______ _______ is a fraction or the opposite of a fraction.
rational number
A ________across a line moves every point on a figure to a point directly on the opposite side of the line. The new point is the same distance from the line as it was in the original figure.
reflection
The _______ ________ of a category tells us the proportion at which the category occurs in the data set. It is displayed as a fraction or a percentage of the total number.
relative frequency
A ________ moves every point on a figure around a center by a given angle in a specific direction.
rotation
A ______ ______ is a graph that shows the values of two variables on a coordinate plane. It allows us to investigate connections between the two variables.
scatter plot
A _______ ____ ______ compares two categories within a data set. The whole bar represents all the data within one category. Then, each bar is separated into parts (segments) that show the percentage of each part in the second category.
segmented bar graph
________ ________- is a way to write very large or very small numbers. We write these numbers by multiplying a number between 1 and 10 by a power of 10.
Scientific notation
A ________ __ ___________ is a set of translations, rotations, reflections, and dilations on a figure. The transformations are performed in a given order.
sequence of transformations
Two figures are _______ if one can fit exactly over the other after rigid transformations and dilations.
similar
The ______of a line is a number we can calculate using any two points on the line. To find it, divide the vertical distance between the points by the horizontal distance.
slope
A _______ __ __ ________ ____ ___ _______ is a pair of values of the variables that make the equation true.
solution to an equation with two variables
The _______ ______ of a positive number n is the positive number whose square is n. It is also the the side length of a square whose area is . We write the square root of n as √n .
square root
A _____ _____ is an angle that forms a straight line. It measures 180 degrees.
straight angle
A ______ __ ______ is a set of two or more equations. Each equation contains two or more variables. We want to find values for the variables that make all the equations true.
system of equations
A ________ moves every point in a figure a given distance in a given direction.
translation
A _________ to two parallel lines is a line that cuts across them, intersecting each one.
transversal
A ______ _______ provides a way to compare two categorical variables.
It shows one of the variables across the top and the other down one side. Each entry in the table is the frequency or relative frequency of the category shown by the column and row headings.
two-way table
_______ ______ are opposite angles that share the same vertex. They are formed by a pair of intersecting lines. Their angle measures are equal.
Vertical angles
The ________ _________ is the point where the graph of a line crosses the vertical axis.
vertical intercept (also called the y-intercept)
