Vocabulary #2 | 2 Flashcards
(50 cards)
Population Density
The average # of people per unit of land area.
Arithmetic Density (Crude)
The average # of people per unit of land area (usually per square mile or kilometer.)
Physiological Density
The average # of people per unit area (A square mile of kilometer of arable land.)
Agricultural Density
The # of farmers per unit of arable land.
Population Distribution
The pattern in which people are spread out on Earth’s surface.
Carrying Capacity
The # of people a particular environment of Earth as a whole can support on a sustainable basis.
Sex Ratio
The ratio of the # of men to # of women in a population.
Population Pyramids
A useful graphic device for comparing age and sex structure.
Demographics
The study of a population based on factors such as age, race, and sex.
Demographic Factors
Characteristics that define a group of people within a population.
Fertility Rate
Represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year. OUT OF 1000 WOMEN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Mortality Rate
The # of deaths a year per 1000 people.
Maternal Mortality Rate
The # of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births during a specific time period.
Infant Mortality Rate
A measure of how many infants die within the first year of life out of 100 births.
Total Fertility Rate
The total # of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years. AGE!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Crude Death Rate / Mortality Rate
The # of deaths per 1000 people.
Crude Birth Rate
The average # of births per 1000 people; the traditional way of measuring birth rates.
Natural Increase Rate
NIR is the difference between the # of live births and deaths, generally calculated over the span of a year.
Demographic Transition Model
Conceptualizes how crude birth rate and crude death rates as well as the resulting rate of natural increase change overtime as countries industrialize and urbanize.
Epidemiological Transition Model
A theory that describes how the causes of death change over time, from infectious disease to non-communicable disease.
Pandemic
A widespread occurrence of infectious disease over a whole country or the world at a particular time.
Epidemic
An outbreak of disease that spreads quickly and affects many people at the same time. (Community, not country.)
Malthusian Theory
The supply of food cannot keep up with the growth of the human population, inevitably resulting in disease, famine, war, and calamity.
Neo-Malthusians
The idea that the world’s population is growing too fast, and that population control is necessary to ensure the survival of the population and environment.
