Vocabulary 5 Flashcards
(600 cards)
1
Q
urban infrastructure
A
city roads, buildings, sewage, etc.
2
Q
migrations
A
people moving
3
Q
inevitable
A
will of course happen
4
Q
more pragmatic tactic
A
more realistic strategy
5
Q
rising standards of living
A
better quality of life
6
Q
effectively controlled
A
well handled
7
Q
intervene
A
step in
8
Q
pressing
A
important
9
Q
global middle class
A
people earning more money all around the world
10
Q
Many are of the opinion that
A
some think
11
Q
primary role
A
main responsibility
12
Q
good citizens
A
productive members of society
13
Q
instead of
A
rather than
14
Q
working towards individual betterment
A
making one’s own life better
15
Q
aim
A
goal
16
Q
elevate
A
raise
17
Q
individual
A
one person
18
Q
impose conformity
A
make everyone the same, fit in
19
Q
Those is favor of this statement argue
A
supporters say
20
Q
well-functioning society
A
healthy public
21
Q
advances in
A
developments in
22
Q
medicine
A
hospitals and doctors, etc.
23
Q
working conditions
A
labor and how safe it is to work
24
Q
easy to forget
A
many don’t remember
25
level of comfort
how convenient it is
26
sacrifices
having to give up on
27
common good
for the good of all
28
stimulate the economy
help people make money
29
basic sense of community
fundamental feeling of togetherness
30
in order to
so that
31
peaceably
in a peaceful way
32
explicitly
overtly
33
implicitly guide
not overtly show
34
socially beneficial behaviors
good for all
35
establish
create
36
viable future career
good future profession
37
however
yet
38
focusing
emphasizing
39
accomplish
finish
40
goals detailed above
aims mentioned before
41
mentally healthier
not stressed, feeling good
42
talent
abilities
43
contribute
add to
44
byproduct
result of
45
pursuing
following
46
seemingly selfish interests
appears to be just for them
47
focus on
care about
48
come at the cost of
at the expense of
49
withhold
keep back
50
personal viewpoints
individual opinions
51
as is common in
like where this happens a lot
52
authoritarian nations
countries with strong governments
53
harbor resentment
feel angry about
54
fully express
say what you want
55
free environment
open society
56
psychological research
studies about the mind
57
key
crucial part
58
feeling safe to
don’t feel afraid to
59
express oneself
say and do what you want
60
without fear of
not concerned about
61
reprisals and repercussions
consequences
62
valid argument
good point
63
in favor of
supporting
64
social stability
no unrest in society
65
industrious
productive
66
naturally
of course
67
not mutually exclusive
both can be achieved
68
overlap
true for both, in common
69
emphasized
focused on
70
calling for
demanding
71
institution
creation of
72
universal basic income
money for each person to live off without working
73
citizens
residents
74
addresses
deals with
75
legitimate fears
real worries
76
concerning
about
77
automation
becoming related to machines
78
ill-advised overall
residents
79
central
key
80
the human condition
how all people live and deal with life
81
advocate
support
82
legislation
laws
83
unemployment risks
possibly not having a job
84
wealth
money
85
accumulated
added up
86
billionaires
people with 1,000,000,000+
87
exacerbated
made worse
88
rising corporate investment
companies putting more money into
89
advanced robotics
sophisticated machines
90
artificial intelligence
smart computers
91
factories assembling cars
putting together automobiles
92
products
items
93
vast majority
most of
94
locate
find
95
creative avenues of employment
new ways of finding jobs
96
fear
worry
97
someday
in the future
98
viable role
useful place
99
justify discussion
give good reason for talking about
100
universal wage
everyone paid but with no job
101
future possibilities
potential changes
102
assured
definite
103
essential part
key element
104
duty
responsibility
105
personal lives
private lives, family, friends, hobbies, etc.
106
typically
usually
107
as well as
and
108
public
in the world, not private
109
fulfilling
satisfying
110
responsibility fully
duty 100%
111
connected
related
112
focus exclusively
emphasize only
113
hobbies
what you do in your free time
114
predict
look forward to
115
deeper ramifications
bigger implications
116
lose the motivation
not feel encouraged
117
innovate
create new ideas
118
in that case
in this situation
119
run by unimaginative technocrats
managed by rich tech people with no creativity
120
machines
robots
121
capitalism
economic system with free markets
122
necessitate
require
123
basic income
money each month without a job
124
value
importance
125
alternatives
different ways
126
pursued instead
looked for
127
idealistic dreams
looked for
128
idealistic dreams
naive ideas
129
naive
innocent unrealistic
130
short-sighted
not looking at the long-term
131
common
pervasive
132
famous figures
celebrities
133
large platforms
big audiences
134
share
tell others
135
viewpoints
opinions
136
various topics
different areas
137
potential
possible
138
abuse
being hurt
139
positive overall
good generally
140
contribute diverse perspectives
add in more opinions
141
critics
people who are against
142
publicity celebrities
coverage famous people get
143
comments
what they say
144
argue
point out
145
not always well informed
not usually knowledgeable
146
experts
professionals
147
field
area
148
ranging from … and … to … and
including
149
stars
famous people
150
entertainment world
movies, music, etc.
151
outsized platforms
too large audiences
152
anti-vaccination movement
people against getting vaccinations
153
epidemiologists
people who study infectious diseases
154
subordinated
lower than
155
generate online traffic
get more people to come to a website
156
ratings
how many people are watching
157
undermined
weakened
158
notoriously poor
famously bad
159
predictions
projections for the future
160
concerning
relating to
161
area of expertise
where they work
162
engender diversity
create difference
163
professional spheres
jobs
164
wide variety of ethnicities
many different groups of people from various countries
165
socioeconomic backgrounds
rich and poor
166
actively seek out
look for
167
nationalities
country you are from
168
provide
give
169
average person
normal citizen
170
insightful glimpse
meaningful look into
171
recent
happened not that long ago
172
awareness raised
help people know about
173
environmental issues
problems related to climate change
174
various
different kinds
175
accept awards
get prizes
176
risk
threat
177
uninformed
don't know much about
178
typically candid
usually honest
179
authentic
real
180
diverse
varied
181
in this era of inclusivity
today’s more open and accepting world
182
value
importance
183
increasingly common
happens more and more
184
senior citizens
older people
185
retire to
stop working and go live
186
assisted care facilities
places where they look after old people
187
instead of
rather than
188
remaining
left over
189
institutions
places
190
reputation
what is heard about these places
191
abuse
being hurt
192
trend
pattern
193
liberates younger generations
frees the children
194
detractors
critics
195
highlight notable instances
focus on big examples
196
exposes
reports
197
reputable news organizations
well-known media companies
198
on a regular basis
often
199
incidents
examples
200
criminal or civil cases
people put on trial or sued for money
201
instances
examples
202
mistreatment
treated badly
203
memorably cruel
sensationally bad
204
have been known to be
have a reputation for
205
beaten
hit
206
demeaned
insulted
207
neglected
not cared for
208
in terms of
concerning
209
their basic sanitary needs
how clean they are
210
vulnerable
weak
211
lack
don't have
212
defend
protect
213
voice
ability to talk
214
visiting family
family coming to see them
215
considering
given
216
total number
complete figures for
217
rare
not common
218
in the future
later
219
technology
computers, internet, cameras, etc.
220
closer monitoring
watching closely
221
applies
also is true for
222
restricted
kept to
223
premises
grounds
224
interact
talk to
225
peers
people around their own age
226
form meaningful
create important
227
new bonds
new friendships
228
benefits
advantages
229
family unit as a whole
family together
230
rarely equipped
not often have
231
medical training
experience as doctors
232
financial resources
money
233
aging
getting older
234
nearly impossible
almost can’t happen
235
ailing parent
sick mother and father
236
as well as
and
237
some combination of
an amount of
238
energy
initiatives
239
will
desire
240
means
money
241
time
free time
242
placing
putting
243
invest
contribute
244
raising
helping grow up
245
advancing
getting better
246
standard of living
quality of life
247
risk
threat
248
retirement homes
retirement communities
249
overshadow
stronger than
250
sensitive topic
hard to talk about
251
decide
choose
252
own best interests
for their own good
253
result of
caused by
254
financial success
making money
255
crucial factors
important elements
256
certain degree
some amount of
257
financial stability
have enough money
258
basic requirement
minimum
259
overall
generally
260
claim
argue
261
correlates highly
relates directly to
262
earnings argue
money say
263
affords
can pay for
264
higher standard of living
good quality of life
265
considerable
major
266
provide for
allow for
267
purchase luxuries ranging from
buy nice things including
268
frequent
often
269
expensive vehicles
pricey cars
270
fashionable clothing
nice fashion
271
item taken on its own
thing by itself
272
contributes
adds to
273
small degree of pleasure
a little enjoyment
274
add up
contribute to
275
generally content
overall happy
276
comfortable
easy and nice
277
enjoyable lifestyle
nice living standard
278
inclined
likely to
279
equate pleasure
make enjoyment equal to
280
legitimate argument
clear case
281
pursuit of happiness
trying to satisfy yourself
282
majority
most of
283
otherwise
or this will happen
284
state
say
285
consequence
result
286
quality time
good time spent with
287
filled with
full of
288
most sustained
constant
289
relationships
interpersonal connections
290
lost touch
not talking to, estranged
291
frayed interpersonal bonds
not on good terms with
292
relatives
family members
293
void
absence
294
physical possessions
things
295
anecdotally
from stories
296
recognize
know
297
spent in the presence of loved ones
around family
298
additionally
also
299
pre-condition
minimum requirement
300
since no amount of wealth
as no level of money
301
buy relief
purchase a reprieve
302
chronic suffering
constantly hurt by
303
depends more on
has more to do with
304
rather than
instead of
305
naturally
of course
306
exceptions
cases outside the norm
307
subjective
can be judged individually
308
defined differently
described in different ways
309
considering proposals
thinking about policies
310
institute
put into practice
311
curfews
limits on time
312
teenagers
those aged 13-19
313
require
need
314
in the presence of
around
315
adult
people over 18
316
certain hours
times at night
317
marginal benefits
small advantages
318
marginal benefits
small advantages
319
policy
law
320
greatly outweighed
much stronger than
321
social drawbacks
disadvantages related to society
322
one the one hand
on one side
323
remain
stay the same
324
curb juvenile delinquency
limit crimes amongst younger people
325
common
normal
326
particular neighborhoods
certain areas
327
full of criminal activity
lots of crime
328
late at night
around midnight
329
engaging in
doing
330
passing through
going through
331
significant risk
big chance
332
by staying home
remaining at home
333
forced to
must
334
engage
do
335
wholesome activities
innocent pasttimes
336
authorities
people in charge
337
better able to police the streets
can do a better job keeping order
338
limit
control
339
crimes commited by and upon
hurting other and being hurt
340
however
but
341
cases mentioned above
instances detailed earlier
342
minority
not the majority
343
reform
change
344
impair
harm
345
social growth
development in society
346
majority
most of
347
ensuring
making sure of
348
essentially limits
basically controls
349
social acquaintances
people you know
350
within their family
relatives
351
in many situations
in some cases
352
issues related to abuse
problems having to do with physical and emotional harm
353
foster
encourage
354
unhealthy psychological and social dependence
needing others in a bad way
355
hang out
spend time with
356
public venues
places where everyone can do
357
begin to
start to
358
identify
recognize
359
manage the demands
deal with the responsibilities
360
interpersonal relationships
talking to and being around others
361
hinder
impair
362
progress
development
363
more generally
overall
364
despite
regardless of
365
misbehavior
bad actions
366
suggestions
advice
367
ignored
not paid attention to
368
in order to
so that
369
guarantee
ensure
370
healthy social development of adolescents
normal growth of young people
371
less restrictive methods
not as controlling
372
reducing
decreasing
373
instead
rather than
374
considered
thought about
375
are of the opinion
think
376
less self-reliant
not as independent
377
at any point in the past
at any time before
378
exists
it is a reality
379
possibility
chance
380
completely independent
totally capable on your own
381
justifiably
reasonable
382
reliant
dependent, need others
383
each other
other people
384
independent
on your own, self-reliant
385
liberating
freeing
386
research
study
387
interact
talk to
388
engage
interact with
389
community at large
all of society
390
largely insular lifestyle
mostly alone
391
sign up
join into
392
educational courses online
learning on the internet
393
delivery
brought by others to you
394
access mass amounts of information freely
learn a lot online for no cost
395
take advantage
exploit
396
modern conveniences
new comforts
397
theoretically
potentially
398
ideal
perfect
399
achieved
accomplished
400
still a matter of debate
currently still controversial
401
main reason
major cause
402
quality
how good something is
403
no longer considered unequivocally positive
don’t think it is 100% good
404
traditional importance placed
old values put on
405
keeping one’s composure
maintaining your cool
406
enduring difficult situations
get through tough times
407
not requiring the help of others
not depending on other people
408
replaced
takes the place of
409
in recent decades
the last 20+ years
410
progressive outlook
modern way of thinking
411
elevates vulnerability
values feelings of being open/weak
412
dependence
relying on
413
for men especially
males in particular
414
open
not closed off to
415
revealing
showing
416
weakness
vulnerabilities
417
social shift
changes in society
418
in turn
then
419
has led to
has caused
420
increased reliance
more dependence
421
in person
in reality
422
modern acceptance
new embrace of
423
wellness
healthy living
424
therapy
talking to a psychiatrist
425
compassionate support network
caring people around you
426
long-term mental health
over a long time how you are emotionally
427
potentially
possibly
428
thanks to
because of
429
more dependent than ever before
need others more than in the past
430
seismic shifts in society
big changes in society
431
undeniable
can’t be refuted
432
play an essential role
have an important place
433
while
in contrast
434
simply
basically
435
entertainment
something to watch
436
relaxation
a way to chill out
437
from my point of view
in my opinion
438
stated purpose
ostensible reason
439
serve key social
have importance for communities
440
psychological purposes
reasons related to how people think and behave
441
claim
state
442
largely
mostly
443
leisure pastime
hobby in their freetime
444
based on
has its foundation in
445
self-evident facts
obvious truths
446
participate in
do
447
release pressure
de-stress
448
do not take them as seriously as other parts of life
don’t consider it as important as other things in life
449
national sport
most popular sport in a country
450
amateur matches
not professional games
451
follow
closely watch
452
local team
team from your area
453
discussion
talk about
454
broadly defined
widely described
455
purposefully unproductive
intentionally not for a productive reason
456
enjoyable
fun
457
polled
asked questions
458
state
say
459
yet entirely recreational
however just for fun
460
nonetheless
regardless
461
essential
key
462
satisfying
makes you feel fulfilled
463
deep psychological needs
real human desires
464
invests
puts time and money into
465
tremendous
significant
466
self-esteem
how you feel about yourself
467
failure
unsuccessful
468
bask
feel happy/proud, revel in
469
reflected glory
the success of others shining on y
470
feel proud vicariously
feel good about yourself due to the successes of others
471
research has shown that
studies indicate
472
concomitant
related and caused by
473
addictive
can’t stop doing it
474
communal
related to the community and people around your
475
sensation of misery
feeling of unhappiness
476
added to this
also
477
variety
lots of different types
478
drives
desires
479
satisfied
fulfilled
480
sports media
people talking about sports on shows, sites, etc.
481
outraged
angered by
482
excited
feel excitement
483
transactions
making trades, signing players, etc.
484
takes place
happens
485
within a welcoming community
in a group of people who accept you
486
like-minded individuals
similar people
487
approves of
satisfied with
488
normalizes
makes it seem normal
489
social behavior
actions in public and around others
490
despite
regardless of
491
ostensible purpose
stated reason
492
actually
in fact
493
satisfy
fulfill
494
range
wide variety of
495
crucial human desires
important drives in people
496
healthy hobby
worthwhile pastime
497
not taken
not done
498
obsessive extremes
caring too much about
499
increasingly common
more pervasive
500
urban areas
cities
501
neighbors
people who live next to each other
502
interact
communicate with
503
results in
causes
504
a declining sense of community
less of a feeling of being neighbors
505
individually motivated
people doing it themselves
506
lack
not have
507
connection
link
508
less culturally unique neighborhoods
places all the same
509
illustrative counter-example
good example showing the opposite
510
shared similar values
have the same ideas/beliefs
511
led to
causes
512
flourishing
doing really well
513
unique culture
distinctive lifestyles
514
sense of community
feeling of a culture
515
“Beat Poets”
a specific style of poetry from the 1950s
516
related to this is
also part of this is
517
fading distinctiveness
less unique
518
value
importance
519
alike
the same
520
district
neighborhood
521
major metropolis
large city
522
sentiment
feeling
523
inhabitants
residents
524
derives
comes from
525
in the way of
opposing
526
singular shared identity
same cultural values
527
remedies
fixes
528
detailed above
described before
529
initiative
motivation
530
contrive
try too hard
531
provoke backlash
cause a reaction
532
heritage
traditional
533
suits
makes sense
534
join mass movements
become part of what many are doing
535
gentrification
moving to take neighborhoods
536
expatriate enclaves
immigrant areas
537
preserve
keep the same
538
cultural traditions
heritage
539
entirely
totally
540
represent
symbolize
541
interests
what you value
542
replicated on a larger scale
repeated in other places
543
thoughtfully
carefully
544
traditions
heritage
545
any given community
a random place
546
stemming from
coming from
547
involvement
engagement
548
at large
all of it
549
dealt with
handled
550
ramifications
implications
551
in this way
through this method
552
cultural integrity
pureness of a group of people
553
preserved
kept the same
554
globalized world
world becoming all the same
555
workplaces
offices and other places where people work
556
natural conflict
inevitable tension
557
staff morale
how employees feel
558
involve
has to do with
559
competent management
capable bosses
560
hiring practices
how people are employed
561
ramifications
implications
562
age-diversified
different ages
563
environment
the atmosphere
564
resentment
anger towards
565
threatened
feel insecure
566
compensate
make up for
567
inexperience
not having done the work before
568
arrogant
believing too much in yourself
569
conflict
problems
570
animosity
strong resentment, hatred
571
toxic
poisonous, bad
572
culture
atmosphere
573
similarly
not so different
574
adapt
change to
575
frustrated
anger
576
possibility
chance
577
particularly
especially
578
emerging technologies
innovations
579
lag behind
not stay current with changes
580
hampered
held back
581
unhealthy workplace atmosphere
bad feelings among employees
582
detailed above
described before
583
positive mindset
good outlook
584
plays a key role
has a big part in
585
dissolving tensions
making people feel better, solving conflicts
586
preventing
stopping from happening to begin with
587
initial occurrences
happening the first time
588
strengths and weaknesses
what you are good and bad at
589
team up
work together
590
contrary personalities
people likely to not get along
591
ensuring
guaranteeing
592
stay current
keep up to date
593
avoid
prevent from happening
594
potential conflict
possible fights
595
arising
coming from
596
take steps
act on
597
guarantee
make sure
598
strong cohesion
linked together well
599
valuing contributions
considering what employees do important
600
setting a relaxed atmosphere
making everything feel good
