Vocabulary (Blood, CVS, RS)

Question 1

Blood

Answer 1

A fluid connective tissue made of living blood cells floating in nonliving plasma that transports a variety of substances critical for maintaining homeostasis

Question 2

Plasma

Answer 2

The nonliving fluid component of blood; mainly water with dissolved substances like plasma proteins

Question 3

Leukocytes

Answer 3

White blood cells; help our body recognize and fight off foreign substances

Question 4

Thrombocytes

Answer 4

Platelets; cell fragments that help stop bleeding when a blood vessel is damaged

Question 5

Erythrocytes

Answer 5

Red blood cells; carry O2 and CO2 between lungs and rest of body

Question 6

Hemoglobin

Answer 6

The protein that contains Fe+2, which readily binds to O2, and thus can carry it

Question 7

Hematopoiesis

Answer 7

Blood cell formation

Question 8

Erythropoietin

Answer 8

The hormone that regulates the formation and destruction of red blood cells

Question 9

Hemostasis

Answer 9

The fast and localized process the body used to stop bleeding

Question 10

Antigens

Answer 10

ANything that the body perceives as a foreign that activates an immune response; Glycprotein and glycolipids markers/tags on our cells

Question 11

Antibodies

Answer 11

Binds to antigens and clumps the cells together for destruction

Question 12

Agglutinogens

Answer 12

The antigens on red blood cells that determine blood type

Question 13

Rh factor

Answer 13

Rhesus antigens on red blood cells that determine if you make anti-Rh antibodies and thus have (+) or (-) blood type

Question 14

Blood flow

Answer 14

The volume of blood flowing through a blood vessel, organ, or the entire circulation system in a given period

Question 15

Blood pressure

Answer 15

The force per unit of area exerted on a vessel wall by the blood inside it

Question 16

Resistance

Answer 16

The opposition to flow; the amount of friction the blood encounters as it passes through the blood vessels

Question 17

Blood vessels

Answer 17

The dynamic structures that create pathways that constrict and relax in order to transport blood throughout the body

Question 18

Arteries

Answer 18

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 19

Arterioles

Answer 19

Smaller blood vessels that branch off of arteries and feed into capillary beds on our different organs and tissues

Question 20

Capillaries

Answer 20

Smallest blood vessels with the thinnest walls to maximize the exchange of materials between the blood and the interstitial fluid

Question 21

Capillary bed

Answer 21

A network of capillaries

Question 22

Veins

Answer 22

Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart

Question 23

Venules

Answer 23

Smallest vein components that branch off of capillary beds and feed into bigger and bigger veins that lead back to the heart

Question 24

Pericardium

Answer 24

Double walled sac that encloses the heart

Question 25

Myocardium

Answer 25

The inner layer of the heart wall that contracts

Question 26

Cardiac muscle cells

Answer 26

Responsible for the heart's pumping

Question 27

Pacemaker cells

Answer 27

Noncontractile cells that can spontaneously depolarize without neural input

Question 28

Heartbeat

Answer 28

What is heard through a stethoscope; associated with the heart valves closing during the cardiac cycle

Question 29

Systole

Answer 29

When the heart contracts

Question 30

Diastole

Answer 30

When the heart relaxes

Question 31

Pulse

Answer 31

Heart rate, measured by the number of times your heart beats per minute (bpm)

Question 32

ECK or EKG

Answer 32

Device that tracks the electrical activity of the heart

Question 33

AED

Answer 33

Automated external defibrillator; portable device used to deliver an electric shock to the heart when someone goes into sudden cardiac arrest

Question 34

Pleurae

Answer 34

Serous membranes that line the thoracic wall and diaphragm

Question 35

Bronchioles

Answer 35

The smallest passageways of the respiratory system that empty into the alveolar ducts

Question 36

Gas exchange

Answer 36

The diffusion of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and blood in the lungs, and then later the blood and body tissues

Question 37

Lung capacity

Answer 37

The amount of air that can be held in your lungs

Question 38

Tidal volume

Answer 38

The amount of air that moves in and out of your lungs with each breath when you are breathing normally

Question 39

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 39

The maximum amount you can breathe in

Question 40

Cellular Respiration

Answer 40

The set of metabolic reactions that convert chemical energy in food to usable energy (ATP) for the cell, and thus the body

Question 41

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 41

The amount of air you can force out after a normal tidal volume exhalation

Question 42

Vital Capacity

Answer 42

The total volume of air that can be expelled from your lungs forcibly after you take your deepest breath