Vocabulary training 6/10/2023

Question 1

venerating

Answer 1

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To regard or treat with deep respect, reverence, or admiration.

2. To honor or worship someone or something as sacred.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 对待或视为深切尊重、崇敬或钦佩的对象。

2. 将某人或某物视为神圣而崇拜。

Antonyms:
1. Disrespect

2. Dishonor
3. Disregard

Synonyms:
1. Revering

2. Worshipping
3. Esteeming

Sample sentence(s):
1. The community was venerating their wise elder for his years of wisdom and guidance.

2. In many cultures, venerating ancestors is a deeply rooted tradition.
3. Her talent and dedication to her craft were worthy of veneration by all who knew her.

Question 2

traducing

Answer 2

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To speak falsely or maliciously about someone, with the intent to harm their reputation; to slander or defame.

2. To criticize or vilify someone or something unfairly or unjustly.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 出言不实或恶意地诽谤某人，意图损害其声誉；诽谤或败坏名誉。

2. 不公平或不公正地批评或诋毁某人或某物。

Antonyms:
1. Praise

2. Commend
3. Applaud

Synonyms:
1. Slander

2. Defame
3. Smear

Sample sentence(s):
1. The tabloid newspaper was notorious for traducing celebrities, often publishing baseless rumors.

2. Instead of addressing the real issues, he resorted to traducing his opponent’s character during the debate.
3. Traducing someone’s reputation can have serious legal consequences, especially when done with malicious intent.

Question 3

labelling

Answer 3

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To assign a descriptive or identifying name or category to something or someone.

2. To attach a label or tag to an object or item for identification or information purposes.
3. To stigmatize or categorize someone based on certain characteristics, often in a negative or judgmental way.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 给某物或某人分配一个描述性或识别性的名称或类别。

2. 在物品上附上标签或标记，以供识别或提供信息。
3. 基于某些特征，通常以负面或评判性的方式，对某人进行污名化或分类。

Antonyms:
1. Unlabel

2. Remove label
3. Untag

Synonyms:
1. Categorize

2. Tag
3. Classify

Sample sentence(s):
1. The chef was diligent in labeling each ingredient in the kitchen to ensure food safety.

2. He began labeling the various boxes in the attic to make it easier to find specific items later.
3. It’s important not to label individuals based on stereotypes or prejudices, as it can lead to unfair treatment and misunderstandings.

Question 4

revering

Answer 4

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To regard or treat with deep respect, admiration, or awe.

2. To hold someone or something in high esteem and show honor or reverence towards them.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 对待或视为深切尊重、钦佩或敬畏的对象。

2. 高度尊敬某人或某物，并表示尊敬或崇敬。

Antonyms:
1. Disrespect

2. Disregard
3. Belittle

Synonyms:
1. Venerating

2. Adoring
3. Esteeming

Sample sentence(s):
1. The ancient temple was a place of quiet contemplation, where people could engage in revering the spirits of their ancestors.

2. She spent her entire life revering the principles of kindness and compassion.
3. Revering the wisdom of the elders is a tradition that has been passed down through generations.

Question 5

exhume

Answer 5

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To dig up or remove a dead body from its burial place, typically for examination, relocation, or investigation.

2. To uncover or bring to light something that has been hidden or forgotten, often relating to information, memories, or events.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 挖掘或从埋葬地点取出尸体，通常是为了检查、重新安葬或调查。

2. 揭示或使被隐藏或遗忘的事物浮出水面，通常涉及信息、记忆或事件。

Antonyms:
1. Bury

2. Inter
3. Conceal

Synonyms:
1. Unearth

2. Dig up
3. Disinter

Sample sentence(s):
1. The archaeologists had to exhume the ancient remains carefully to preserve any historical artifacts buried with the body.

2. The journalist decided to exhume old files and documents to uncover the truth about the historical event.
3. Exhuming the past can sometimes bring closure and understanding to unresolved mysteries.

Question 6

excise

Answer 6

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To remove or cut out, often surgically, a specific part or section of something, such as a tumor or tissue.

2. To impose and collect a tax or duty on goods, services, or activities, typically by a government authority.
3. To eliminate or expunge something from a text, document, or record.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 移除或切除，通常是通过外科手术，移除某物的特定部分或部位，如肿瘤或组织。

2. 对商品、服务或活动征收和收取税费或关税，通常由政府机构执行。
3. 从文本、文件或记录中删除或抹去某物。

Antonyms:
1. Insert

2. Add
3. Include

Synonyms:
1. Remove

2. Levy
3. Abolish

Sample sentence(s):
1. The surgeon had to excise the tumor from the patient’s lung to prevent further spread of cancer.

2. The government decided to excise higher taxes on luxury items to boost revenue.
3. The editor had to excise sensitive information from the classified document before it could be declassified and released to the public.

Question 7

exorcise

Answer 7

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To expel or drive out evil spirits or demons from a person or place through religious or spiritual rituals.

2. To rid something or someone of a harmful or negative influence or force.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 驱邪，通过宗教或精神仪式从人或地方驱除恶灵或恶魔。

2. 摆脱某物或某人的有害或负面影响或力量。

Antonyms:
1. Invite evil, welcome demons

2. Embrace negativity, accept harmful influences

Synonyms:
1. Exorcize, banish, cleanse

2. Rid, purify, free

Sample sentence(s):
1. The priest performed a solemn ritual to exorcise the malevolent spirit haunting the old house.
2. She sought to excorcise her inner demons through therapy and self-reflection, aiming to find inner peace and balance once more.

Question 8

exculpate

Answer 8

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To clear someone from blame, guilt, or responsibility for a wrongdoing or offense; to declare or prove their innocence.

2. To provide evidence or arguments that absolve someone from wrongdoing or fault.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 为某人洗清罪责、无辜或责任，对其进行宣告或证明其清白。

2. 提供证据或论据，免除某人的过错或责任。

Antonyms:
1. Accuse

2. Blame
3. Incriminate

Synonyms:
1. Absolve

2. Acquit
3. Clear

Sample sentence(s):
1. The defense attorney presented compelling evidence that helped exculpate the wrongly accused defendant.

2. The investigation ultimately led to the discovery of new facts that exculpated the suspect and led to the arrest of the true perpetrator.
3. It is the duty of the justice system to ensure that individuals are exculpated when they are found to be innocent of a crime.

Question 9

disseminate

Answer 9

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To spread or distribute information, knowledge, ideas, or something such as a disease, widely and often to a large number of people or places.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 散布，传播信息、知识、思想或某种东西，通常广泛传播给大量人群或地方。

Antonyms:
1. Conceal, withhold

2. Suppress, stifle

Synonyms:
1. Circulate, broadcast, propagate

2. Disperse, scatter, diffuse

Sample sentence(s):
1. The mission of the organization is to disseminate scientific research findings to the global community.
2. Social media has become a powerful tool to disseminate information rapidly, reaching millions of people within seconds.

Question 10

dissipated

Answer 10

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Engaging in excessive and often reckless indulgence in activities such as drinking alcohol, gambling, or partying, typically to the detriment of one’s health, well-being, or responsibilities.

2. Characterized by a wasteful and dissolute lifestyle.
3. Scattered or dispersed, often referring to energy, resources, or efforts.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 过度放纵，通常指过度饮酒、赌博或狂欢等活动，往往对健康、幸福或责任造成危害。

2. 以挥霍荒淫的生活方式为特征。
3. 分散或散开，通常指能量、资源或努力。

Antonyms:
1. Moderate, disciplined

2. Temperate, virtuous
3. Concentrated, focused

Synonyms:
1. Debauched, dissolute, profligate

2. Wasteful, extravagant, prodigal
3. Scattered, dispersed, dissipated

Sample sentence(s):
1. His dissipated lifestyle led to his financial ruin and deteriorating health.
2. The dissipated nobleman squandered his fortune on lavish parties and extravagant luxuries.
3. The dissipated efforts of the team resulted in a lackluster performance in the competition.

Question 11

diffused

Answer 11

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Spread out or scattered over a wide area, not concentrated in one place.

2. Dispersed or distributed widely, often referring to light, sound, or information.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 分散或散布在广泛的地区，没有集中在一个地方。

2. 广泛分散或分发，通常指光线、声音或信息。

Antonyms:
1. Concentrated, centralized

2. Confined, restricted

Synonyms:
1. Scattered, dispersed, spread out

2. Disseminated, broadcast, transmitted

Sample sentence(s):
1. The diffused sunlight illuminated the entire room with a soft, warm glow.
2. The news of the event was diffused quickly through social media, reaching a global audience within hours.

Question 12

displaced

Answer 12

Type of word: Verb

Meaning(s):
1. To force someone or something to move from its usual or original place or position, often due to conflict, disaster, or other external factors.

2. To take the place of someone or something else, typically in a displaced or substituted manner.
3. To feel out of place or disconnected from one’s surroundings or identity.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 由于冲突、灾难或其他外部因素，迫使某人或某物从其通常或原始位置移动。

2. 以一种替代或代替的方式取代某人或某物，通常是在被移位或替代的情况下。
3. 感到不合时宜或与周围环境或身份脱节。

Antonyms:
1. Settle, remain in place

2. Replace, substitute
3. Belong, fit in

Synonyms:
1. Evacuate, displace, relocate

2. Supplant, take the place of, fill in for
3. Alienated, estranged, disconnected

Sample sentence(s):
1. The war in the region displaced thousands of families, forcing them to flee their homes in search of safety.
2. The new technology displaced the older, less efficient methods in the manufacturing process.
3. After moving to a new country, she often felt displaced and struggled to adapt to her new surroundings.

Question 13

rudimentary

Answer 13

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Involving or related to the basic or fundamental principles of a subject; simple or basic in nature.

2. In a very early or initial stage of development; not highly advanced or refined.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 涉及或与主题的基本或基本原则相关；性质简单或基本。

2. 在发展的非常早期或初期阶段；不高度先进或精致。

Antonyms:
1. Advanced, sophisticated

2. Complex, intricate

Synonyms:
1. Basic, fundamental, elementary

2. Primitive, undeveloped, basic

Sample sentence(s):
1. The rudimentary principles of mathematics are taught at an early age to build a strong foundation.
2. The prototype of the device was quite rudimentary, lacking the advanced features of the final product.

Question 14

recondite

Answer 14

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Obscure, hidden from common understanding or knowledge; difficult to comprehend or understand due to its complexity or abstruseness.

2. Dealing with profound or abstract subjects that require deep insight or specialized knowledge.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 深奥的，普通人难以理解或了解的；由于其复杂性或难懂性而难以理解。

2. 处理需要深刻洞察或专门知识的深刻或抽象主题。

Antonyms:
1. Simple, straightforward

2. Common, familiar

Synonyms:
1. Esoteric, cryptic, abstruse

2. Profound, arcane, intricate

Sample sentence(s):
1. The philosopher’s writings were filled with recondite ideas that challenged even the most intellectual readers.
2. The recondite theories of quantum physics often baffle those without a background in the field.

Question 15

ubiquitous

Answer 15

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Present, appearing, or found everywhere; existing or occurring in many places or situations simultaneously.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 无所不在的，随处可见的；在许多地方或情境中同时存在或发生的。

Antonyms:
1. Rare, scarce

2. Limited, confined

Synonyms:
1. Omnipresent, pervasive, widespread

2. Abundant, prevalent, common

Sample sentence(s):
1. In the modern age, smartphones have become ubiquitous, with nearly everyone owning one.
2. The aroma of freshly baked bread was ubiquitous in the quaint village, wafting from every bakery.

Question 16

circumspect

Answer 16

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Cautious, careful, and prudent in considering all possible consequences and outcomes before taking action or making a decision.

2. Wary and attentive to potential dangers or risks, especially to avoid making mistakes or getting into trouble.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 谨慎的，在采取行动或做决定之前考虑所有可能的后果和结果。

2. 对潜在的危险或风险警惕并注意，尤其是为了避免犯错误或陷入困境。

Antonyms:
1. Reckless, impulsive

2. Inattentive, careless

Synonyms:
1. Prudent, cautious, careful

2. Vigilant, watchful, wary

Sample sentence(s):
1. The circumspect investor carefully analyzed the market trends before making any investment decisions.
2. When crossing the busy street, it’s important to be circumspect and look both ways to avoid accidents.

Question 17

punctilious

Answer 17

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Showing great attention to detail and careful adherence to rules, conventions, or codes of conduct.

2. Meticulous and precise in one’s actions, manners, or behavior, often to the point of being overly formal or rigid.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 对细节非常注意，严格遵守规则、传统或行为准则的。

2. 在行为、举止或行为上一丝不苟，通常到了过于正式或刻板的程度。

Antonyms:
1. Careless, sloppy

2. Informal, lax

Synonyms:
1. Meticulous, scrupulous, exacting

2. Precise, formal, conscientious

Sample sentence(s):
1. His punctilious approach to etiquette made him stand out at the formal dinner party.
2. The punctilious accountant reviewed every financial document with meticulous attention to detail.

Question 18

derelict

Answer 18

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Neglected and in a state of disrepair, often referring to buildings or property.

2. Failing to fulfill one’s duties or responsibilities; abandoned or forsaken.
3. Lacking a sense of duty or responsibility; negligent or careless in one’s actions.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 被忽视且破烂不堪的，通常指建筑物或财产。

2. 未能履行职责或责任；被遗弃或抛弃的。
3. 缺乏责任感或责任心；在行动中疏忽或粗心。

Antonyms:
1. Well-maintained, cared-for

2. Responsible, diligent
3. Attentive, conscientious

Synonyms:
1. Neglected, run-down, dilapidated

2. Abandoned, forsaken, neglected
3. Negligent, careless, irresponsible

Sample sentence(s):
1. The derelict factory stood as a stark reminder of the town’s economic decline.
2. The manager was derelict in his duties, leading to a decline in the company’s performance.
3. Her derelict attitude towards her studies resulted in poor academic performance.

Question 19

conscientious

Answer 19

Type of word: Adjective

Meaning(s):
1. Characterized by a strong sense of duty, responsibility, and diligence in performing tasks or fulfilling obligations.

2. Meticulous and careful in attention to detail, often going above and beyond what is required.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 以强烈的责任感、职责感和勤奋的特点来执行任务或履行义务。

2. 在注意细节方面非常谨慎和仔细，通常超越了所需的要求。

Antonyms:
1. Negligent, careless

2. Irresponsible, lax

Synonyms:
1. Diligent, responsible, dutiful

2. Meticulous, thorough, attentive

Sample sentence(s):
1. The conscientious employee always completed his assignments on time and with great attention to detail.
2. She was known for her conscientious approach to her work, ensuring that everything was done to the highest standard.

Question 20

surveillance

Answer 20

Type of word: Noun

Meaning(s):
1. The close and continuous observation of a person, group, place, or activity, often done for purposes of monitoring, security, or gathering information.

2. The process of collecting, recording, and analyzing data or information from various sources for the purpose of tracking or monitoring.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 对个人、团体、地方或活动的密切和持续观察，通常是为了监视、安全或收集信息的目的。

2. 收集、记录和分析来自各种来源的数据或信息的过程，以追踪或监控的目的。

Antonyms:
1. Privacy, anonymity

2. Disregard, neglect

Synonyms:
1. Observation, scrutiny, monitoring

2. Data collection, intelligence gathering, reconnaissance

Sample sentence(s):
1. The government implemented extensive surveillance measures to ensure national security.
2. The surveillance of online activity is essential for detecting potential cybersecurity threats.

Question 21

perusal

Answer 21

Type of word: Noun

Meaning(s):
1. The action of reading, examining, or studying something carefully and thoroughly; a close and detailed examination or inspection.

2. The act of considering or reviewing something in a deliberate and careful manner.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 仔细和彻底阅读、检查或研究某事的行为；仔细和详细的审查或检查。

2. 以谨慎和仔细的方式考虑或审查某事的行为。

Antonyms:
1. Superficial glance, casual reading

2. Hasty review, careless consideration

Synonyms:
1. Examination, scrutiny, inspection

2. Review, study, analysis

Sample sentence(s):
1. She gave the document a careful perusal to ensure that there were no errors or omissions.
2. The perusal of historical documents allowed the researchers to gain valuable insights into the past.

Question 22

interrogation

Answer 22

Type of word: Noun

Meaning(s):
1. The act or process of questioning, often in a formal or systematic manner, to obtain information, elicit responses, or investigate a matter.

2. The intense and detailed questioning of a person, often by authorities, in a legal or investigative context.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 质问的行为或过程，通常以正式或系统的方式，以获取信息、引出回答或调查某事。

2. 对个人的强烈和详细的质问，通常由当局在法律或调查背景下进行。

Antonyms:
1. Answering, cooperation

2. Acquittal, exoneration

Synonyms:
1. Questioning, inquiry, examination

2. Interrogative, cross-examination, inquiry

Sample sentence(s):
1. The police conducted an interrogation of the suspect to gather evidence for the case.
2. The intense interrogation of the witness revealed crucial information that helped solve the crime.

Question 23

perspicacity

Answer 23

Type of word: Noun

Meaning(s):
1. Keenness of perception, insight, or understanding; the ability to see and understand things quickly and accurately.
2. The quality of having a clear and penetrating intellect or discernment.

Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 洞察力，聪慧
2. 清晰而敏锐的智力或洞察力

Antonyms:
1. Dullness, obtuseness
2. Ignorance, blindness

Synonyms:
1. Acumen, discernment, insight, perception, sagacity, shrewdness
2. Intelligence, brilliance, acuity, perspicuity, clarity

Sample sentence(s):
1. Her perspicacity in identifying market trends helped the company make wise investment decisions.
2. The professor’s perspicacity in dissecting complex theories left his students in awe of his intellect.