Vocabulary-Week 8

Question 1

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Angle of Louis

Answer 1

A few centimeters below the suprasternal notch, a bony ridge can be palpated at the point where the manubrium articulates with the body of the sternum. This landmark is referred to as the sternal angle (or angle of Louis).

Question 2

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Apnea

Answer 2

Cessation of breathing

Question 3

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Asthma

Answer 3

An abnormal respiratory condition associated with allergic hypersensitivity to certain inhaled allergens, characterized by bronchospasm, wheezing, & dyspnea.

Question 4

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Atelectasis

Answer 4

An abnormal respiratory condition characterized by collapsed, shrunken, deflated section of alveoli.

Question 5

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Bradypnea

Answer 5

<10 breaths per minute.

Question 6

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Bronchitis

Answer 6

Inflammation of the bronchi with partial obstruction of bronchi due to excessive mucus secretion.

Question 7

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Bronchophony

Answer 7

(A higher voice) An abnormal increase in tone or clarity in vocal resonance.

Question 8

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

COPD

Answer 8

A functional category of abnormal respiratory conditions characterized by airflow obstruction. (e.g., emphysema, chronic bronchitis)

Question 9

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Consolidation

Answer 9

The solidification of portions of lungs tissue as it fills up with infectious exudate (as in acute pneumonia).

Question 10

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Crackles

Answer 10

(AKA Rales) abnormal lung sounds heard on inspiration.

Question 11

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Crepitus

Answer 11

Coarse, crackling sensation palpable over the skin when air abnormally escapes from the lung and enters the subcutaneous tissue.

Question 12

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Dyspnea

Answer 12

Difficult, labored breathing.

Question 13

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Egophony

Answer 13

The voice sound of “eeeeee” heard through the stethoscope.

Question 14

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Fremitus

Answer 14

A palpable vibration when a patient says “99”.

Question 15

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Friction Rub

Answer 15

A coarse, grating, adventitious lung sound heard when the pleurae are inflamed.

Question 16

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Hypercapnea

Answer 16

(Hypercarbia) Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Question 17

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Kussmaul Respiration:

Answer 17

A type of hyperventilation that occurs with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Question 18

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Orthopnea

Answer 18

Ability to breathe easily only in the upright position.

Question 19

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea:

Answer 19

Sudden awakening from sleep with shortness of breath.

Question 20

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Pleural Effusion

Answer 20

Abnormal fluid between the layers of the pleura.

Question 21

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Rhonchi

Answer 21

Low-pitched, musical, snoring, adventitious lung sound caused by airflow obstruction from secretions.

Question 22

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Vesicular

Answer 22

The soft, low-pitched, normal breath sounds heard over peripheral lung fields.

Question 23

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Wheeze

Answer 23

High-pitched, musical, squeaking adventitious lung sound.

Question 24

Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen)

Whispered Pectoriloquy

Answer 24

A whispered phrase heard through the stethoscope that sounds faint and inaudible over normal lung tissue.

Question 25

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Angina Pectoris

Answer 25

Acute chest pain that occurs when myocardial demand exceeds its oxygen supply.

Question 26

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Aortic Regurgitation

Answer 26

(Aortic Insufficiency) Incompetent aortic valve that allows back flow of blood into left ventricle during diastole.

Question 27

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Aortic Stenosis

Answer 27

Calcification of aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of blood during systole.

Question 28

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Apical Impulse

Answer 28

(PMI: Point of Maximum Impulse) Pulsation created so the left ventricle rotates against the chest wall during systole, normally at the 5th left intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line.

Question 29

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Bradycardia

Answer 29

Slow heart rate, <50 bpm in the adult.

Question 30

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Clubbing

Answer 30

Bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes indicating chronic hypoxia.

Question 31

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Cor Pulmonale

Answer 31

Right ventricle hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension.

Question 32

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Cyanosis

Answer 32

Dusky blue mottling of the skin and mucous membranes due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood.

Question 33

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Diastole

Answer 33

The hearts filling phase.

Question 34

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Dyspnea

Answer 34

Difficult, labored breathing.

Question 35

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Edema

Answer 35

Swelling of legs or dependent body part due to increased interstitial fluid.

Question 36

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Gallop Rhythm

Answer 36

The addition of a 3rd and 4th heart sound makes the rhythm sound like the cadence of a galloping horse.

Question 37

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Pericardial Friction Rub

Answer 37

High-pitched, scratchy extra-cardiac sound heard when the precordium is inflamed.

Question 38

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Stenosis

Answer 38

An abnormal narrowing of a passage

Question 39

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Syncope

Answer 39

Temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased cerebral blood flow (fainting), caused by ventricular asystole, pronounced bradycardia, or ventricular fibrillation.

Question 40

# Ch. 18 (Thorax & Lungs), 20 (Peripheral Vascular & Lymphatic), 21 (Abdomen) Thrill

Answer 40

Palpable vibration felt on the chest wall accompanying severe heart murmur.