Vocabulary X

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

any material that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

Mass

Answer 2

the measure of the amount of matter in a substance

Question 3

Weight

Answer 3

the measure of the amount of matter in a substance including the force of gravity on the substance

Question 4

Plasma

Answer 4

the most common phase of matter in the universe. It makes up stars and the sun

Question 5

Organic matter

Answer 5

refers to material that was once living and is made up of carbon

Question 6

Elements

Answer 6

are the smallest form of the substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means

Question 7

Atoms

Answer 7

are the smallest particle of an element that is still that element

Question 8

Periodic table

Answer 8

a chart arranged in order of increasing number of protons in an element

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

the center of an atom where protons and neutrons are found

Question 10

Protons

Answer 10

a positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It is the identity of the element

Question 11

Electrons

Answer 11

a negatively charged particle surrounding the nucleus

Question 12

Neutrons

Answer 12

a neutrally charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom

Question 13

Electron cloud

Answer 13

the general area in an atom where electrons are found

Question 14

Energy level

Answer 14

areas, or levels, within the electron cloud where certain numbers of electrons are found

Question 15

Atomic number

Answer 15

the same as the number of protons

Question 16

Isotope

Answer 16

variations found in nature of the same element that have a different number of neutrons in their nucleus

Question 17

Atomic Mass

Answer 17

for Earth science purposes, it is the mass of the most common isotope of that element when rounded

Question 18

Mass Number

Answer 18

the mass of the combined protons and neutrons of an isotope

Question 19

Ion

Answer 19

an atom that has gained or lost an electron

Question 20

Covalent bond

Answer 20

a type of bond where two atoms share their electrons

Question 21

Ionic bond

Answer 21

a type of bond where one Atom either gives up or takes an electron from another atom

Question 22

Molecules

Answer 22

two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond

Question 23

Hydrogen bond

Answer 23

the bond that occurs between an electropositive hydrogen atom in one molecule and an electronegative atom in another molecule