voice and cough

Question 1

types of voice disorders

Answer 1

Functional:structures are normal, but have problems using them. not being able to use your vocal cord muscles.

Organic: problems with the structures. structural or neurological.

Psychogenic:rare, some voice disorders develop due to emotional stress or trauma. They might be the result ofanxiety,depressionorconversion disorder.

Question 2

risk factors

Answer 2

women over 50
smoking, drugs, alcohol abuse
teachers, singers
Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis (MS),laryngeal cancerorlaryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).

Question 3

treatment

Answer 3

resting voice

voice therapy - Accent method:learn to coordinate breathing and speaking while keeping vocal cord muscles relaxed.

Auditory masking:You speak out loud while wearing headphones that play loud noise in the background, teaching you to amplify your voice.

Conversation training therapy:You learn to speak using conversations that are relevant to you. Therapists help you with additional aspects of communication such as hand gestures and facial expressions.

surgical- botulin toxin injectionsto relax the tight voice box muscles.

Question 4

examination

Answer 4

laryngeal endoscopy

Question 5

left abductor palsy

Answer 5

vocal cord sits in adducted postion
voice normal
mild stridor

bi-lateral abductor – May need cordectomy or tracheostomy

Question 6

left adductor palsy

Answer 6

vocal cord in abducted position
voice gets breathy as gap in glottis on phonation so air can escape

Speech therapy or medialisation of the cord

Question 7

reinkes oedema

Answer 7

excess mucosa on edge of vocal fold
pink rather than pale

dilated blood vessels
rough voice

Caused by smoking and vocal abuse
Surgery to biopsy and fluid can be drained

Question 8

laryngeal cancer

Answer 8

ulceration