Vorlesung 3 Flashcards
Environmental Law (29 cards)
Name examples of emissions in the air.
- Dust
- Vapour
- Gases
- SO2
- NOx
- VOCs
- Greenhouse gases
- CO2
- Dioxines/Furanes
Name examples of emissions in water.
- O2 depleting substances
- heavy metals
- persisten or toxic compounds of various chemical classes
- heat
Name examples of noise sources.
- Production
- Transport
Name examples of emissions in soil.
- heavy metals
- toxic compounds of various chemical classes
- PAH
- CAH
Name examples of waste in environmental compartments.
- Hazardous waste
- residues
What is a Law/Directive used for?
- Legally binding targets with respect to
- Limit values
- technical minimum standard (BAT)
- elimination rates
- Definition of (supporting) economic instruments
- prices/tariffs/charges
- incentives
- pollution certificates
What is a voluntary agreement used for?
- sector specific declaration of intent
- target definition (e.g. % recycling)
- failing to achieve self-set objectives without consequences
Name the levels of European legislation.
EUROPE
- Competence to issue a farming legislation defining minimum requirements (European Legal Acts)
MEMBER STATES
- Enforcement of European Directives requires theirs transposition into national law (National Law/Federal Law)
AUTONOMOUS REGIONS
- Possibility to regulate issues which were not addersses in the national law, option to adopt more stringent standard (Regional Law)
What are important EU water legislations? What is their aim?
- Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC
- Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive
- aim: good water status
What are existing water regulations?
- Limitation of use relevant pollutants
- heavy metals
- organic pollutants
- microbiological parameters
- Irrigation
- Drinking Water
- Groundwater recharge
- Indsutrial uses
- on environmental compartments
- on human health
Name wastewater reuse regulations.
- limitaion of wastewater specific pollutants or disifection byproducts
- consideration of WWR specific requirements
- no deterioration
- max. admissible load
- good status
- no inacceptable risk
What are key aims of the Water Framework Directive (WFD)?
- Expanding the scope of water protection to all waters, surface waters and groundwater
- Achieving “good status” for all waters by a set deadline
- water management based on river basins
- “Combined approch” of emission limit values and quality standards
- getting the prices rigth - full cost recovery
- getting the citizen involved more closely, pubic participation
- streamlining legislation
What is the ecological status of EU surface water bodies?
Mostly no good, especially northern Germany, Betherlands and partly Belgium
What is the ecological status of EU groundwater bodies?
Mosytly good (green)
Name pressures on surface water bodies.
- Quality from
- Diffuse sources, mainly agriculture
- Hydromorphological, mainly from
- Hydropower
- Navigation
- Agriculture
- Flood protection
- Urban development
When is the final deadline of the WFD?
2027
What is DWD applicated to?
- All distribution systems serving > 50 people or supplying > 10 m³/d
- Distribution systems serving < 50 people or supplying < 10 m³/d, if water is supplied as part of an economic activity
- Drinking water from tankers
- Drinking Water in bottles o containers
- Water used in the foodprocessing industry, unless the competent national authorities are satisfied that the quality of the water cannot affect the wholesomeness of the foodstuff in its finished form
What kind of parameters determines DWD?
- microbiological
- chemical
- indicator
Total of 48
What are the Microbiological Parameter and their parametric value?
- Escherichia coli: 0 Number/100 ml
- Enterococci: 0 Number/100 ml
What are the chemical parameters?
- Acrylamide: 0,1 µg/l
- Benzene: 1,0 µg/l
- Nitrate 50: mg/l
- Nitrite: 0,5 mg/l
Name the parametric value for:
- Aluminium
- Ammonium
- Chloride
- Iron
- Manganese
- Colour
- Odour
- Taste
- Conductivity
- Sodium
- Oxidisability
- Aluminium: 200 µg/l
- Ammonium: 0,5 mg/l
- Chloride: 150 mg/l
- Iron: 200 µg/l
- Manganese: 50 µg/l
- Colour: Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change
- Odour: Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change
- Taste: Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change
- Conductivity: 2500 µS/cm at 20°C
- Sodium: 200 mg/l
- Oxidisavblity: 5,0 mg/l O2
What are the monitoring requirements for tap water based on the volume of water distributed or produces each day within a supply zone?
<= 100 m³
- Check monitoring number of samples per year: Desiced by member state
- Audit monitoring number of samples per yeat: Decided by member state
> 100 - <= 1000 m³
- Check: 4
- Audit: 1
> 1.000 - <= 10.000
- Check: 4 + 3 for each 1000 m³/d and part thereof of the total volume
- Audit: 1 + 1 for each 3.300 m³/d and part thereof of the total volume
> 10.000 - <= 100.000
- Check: 4 + 3 for each 1000 m³/d and part thereof of the total volume
- Audit: 3 + 1 for each 10.000 m³/d and part thereof the total volume
> 100.000
- Check: 4 + 3 for each 1000 m³/d and part thereof of the total volume
- Audit: 1 + 1 for each 3.300 m³/d and part thereof of the total volume
What does the UWWTD contain?
- collection and treatment of wastwater
- definition of minimum effluent quality with regard to
- Suspended solids
- organic material (BOD, COD)
- nutrients (N, P)
- In dependency on
- Size/capacity of treatment plant
- Sensitivity of efluent receiving water
- “Treated wastewater shall be reused whenever appropriate”
Name the basic obligations of the operator (IED).
- All appropriate preventive measures are taken against pollution; application of the best available techniques (BAT)
- No significant pollution caused
- Avoidance of waste production, recycling where possible, disposal while avaoiding any impact on the environment
- efficient use of energy
- Prevention of accidents and limitation of consequemces
- Return the sire of operation to a satisfactory state
