VS Flashcards by Tara Foley

if pulse is irregular, how long should you palpate it for an accurate reading?

1 minute

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define peripheral pain

Damaged peripheral nerves fire repeatedly. Examples: Amputation, postherpetic neuralgia, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia, and radiculopathy

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what does regularly irregular mean?

PVC - premature ventricular contraction - heart skips a beat most common type of arrhythmia

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what is the formula for cardiac output?

stroke volume x heart rate

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low pitched sounds, created by turbulent blow flow are called what?

korotkoff sounds

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term for maximal ventricular contraction

systole

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define apnea

withouth breathing

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what is normal amplitude?

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what is the term for the difference between systolic and diastolic?

pulse pressure

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term for maximal ventricular relaxtion

dystole

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define nociceptive pain

damage to body tissue - sensory damage

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what is the formula to calculate BMI

Wt/ht

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what is the fifth vital sign?

not measured objectively, like other VS, but critical for full assessment of the patient

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define peripheral vascular resistance

resistance to expansion of vessel walls by circulating blood

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average respiration rage for adults

12-20 resp/min

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what are the 3 factors that influence arterial blod pressure

stroke volume, heart rate, peripheral vascular resistance

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term for slow breathing

bradypena

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F - > C

(F-32) X .5

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term for rapid breathing

tachypena

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why should you never compare contralateral sides of the carotids at the same time?

patient will pass out

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what is the range for prehypertension ?

120-139 / 80-89

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average pulse range for adults

60-100 bmp

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what is the term for end of life breathing?

cheyne-stokes

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when do you start measuring Korotkoff sounds for systolic?

first 2 consecutive beats heard

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If the peripheral pulse is absent, where else can you try?

carotid

average blood pressure range for adults

\<90

what are 4 things that can change a BP reading?

anxiety, hyper/hypotension, alcohol, drugs (vascular resistance, pain, fever, weight, lifestyle)

what is the normal range for pulse pressure?

30-50 mm Hg

what is the term used for the silence in between phase 1 and phase 2 of blood pressure

auscultory gap

define acute pain

short duration, sudden onset

what temperature is hyperthermic?

oral \> 37.8 C (100 F), rectal \> 38.3 C (101 F)

" scale of 1 to 10, with 1 feeling \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and 10 being that it ______ ……..

no hurt, hurst the worst

what are 6 physiological signs of possible pain?

dilated pupils, dry mouth, diaphoresis, elevated BP, pulse and resp.

what is the wong-baker scale

uses "faces" to indicate pain level

The pulse paradoxus is

An exaggerated decrease (\<10mmHg) in the amplitude of pulsation during inspiration and increased in amplitude during expiration

what is the FLACC test?

face, legs, activity, cry, consolability - pain scale for children 2mo-7yrs

what is the average resting pulse?

70 bpm

what does the acronym CRIES stand for when assesing pain?

neonatal pain scale - Crying, Requires oxygen, Increased vitals, Expression, Sleeplessness

what does blood pressure measure?

cardiovascular function - force of blood against arterial wall

what are 3 signs of respiratory distress?

nasal flare, cyanosis, labored breath (also tense muscles, wheezing, tachypnea, bradypnea)

diaphoresis is

profuse sweating

name 4 ways that the body can lose heat (self regulate)

radiation, conduction, vaporization, respiration

define somatic pain

pain with joint, bone, muscles, and other soft tissues

when documenting pain, you want to record

value of pain (1-10), location, character, frequency, duration,

what is the cause of hyperventilation?

tachypena and hyperpnea - or combo of

what is pulse deficiency?

difference between the heart rate and the palpable pulse - afib

which side of the stethoscope do you use for Korotkoffs sounds?

bell

how is diastolic sound determined?

when korotkoff sound disappears

define central pain

primary lesion central nervous system

during inspiration, when the chest sinks down, this is called _______________ breathing

paradoxic

clinical definition of orthostatic hypotension?

drop in systolic BP of ?20mmHg, or in diastolic bp of ? 10 mmHg

define chronic pain

lasts several months or more, associated with disease (ex chronic inflammation(

when the sympathetic nervous system is activated what happens to the pulse rate?

increases

more than 20 breaths per minute is called

hyperpnea

what are 6 physical or non verbal displays of possible pain?

change in gait, guarding, distorted posture,

when only the chest wall and muscles are used for breathing, what type of respiration is this?

thoracic respiration

define neuropathic pain

initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system

what is the term to describe the change in BP between laying down and standing up?

orthostatic BP

what temperature is hypothermic?

core temperature \< 35 C (95 F)

document bounding pulse

3+ or 4+

what are the 4 steps for measuring orthostatic BP?

1) pt lay down, supine 5 min 2) take BP and pulse 3) have pt stand up 1-3 min 4) retake BP and pulse

term for \< 60 bpm

bradycardia

what are the 4 parameters assessed with respiratory rate?

(1) respiratory rate (2) respiratory pattern (3) respiratory depth (4) signs of distress

define visceral pain

pain with internal organs

what artery do you place a stethoscope on when taking BP?

brachial

Temperature can measure the severity of

illness

What happens to blood volume, when oxygen or metabolic demand increases?

blood volume decreases

what is pulse paradoxus indicative of ?

COPD

what does irregularly irregular mean?

artrial fibrillation

what is height normally used for?

assess development in children

what part of the nervous system is stimulated when heart rate falls below normal?

parasympathetic

what is stroke volume?

blood pumped by left ventricle in 1 contraction

Name 4 ways that pulse rate can be helpful when it is out of normal range?

cardiovascular and neurologic status, psychogenic factors, possible drug use

what is amplitude measuring?

the force of blood movement through an artery

what is the term for the central pulse located next to the heart?

apical

term for “abdominal respirations”, “belly breathing"?

diaphragmatic

which pulse is most often palpated?

radial

term for \> 100 bpm

tachycardia

what is the term used when someone is breathing a specific way due to metabolic acidosis?

kussmaul

what does the production and release of prostagladins do to body temperature?

increase - cause of fever

does the ausculatory gap narrow or widen with age?

widen

C - \> F

C x 1.8 + 32

VS Flashcards

(82 cards)