w/c 13/05 Flashcards by Aaska Banthiya

secondary dysmenorrhoea referral

all women need to be referred to gynaecology

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what does significant expressivity mean

the level to which phenotypical expression occurs in those with the same gene mutation varies greatly

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infantile spasms aka

west syndrome

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infantile spasms characteristics

more common in males
salaam attacks (flexion of head/trunk/arms followed by extension of arms)
EEG hysarrhythmia
70% underlying brain pathology
poor outcome

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how will a bacterial vs viral infection respond to antipyretics

viral is more likely to be controlled by antipyretics than bacterial

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whats the first sign of puberty in girls

breast development

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whats the first sign of puberty in boys

testicular growth

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first choice ssri for those with cardiovascular disease

sertraline

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knights move thinking vs flight of ideas

knights move= ideas are not linked to each other
flight of ideas= ideas are somewhat linked

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major risk factor for neonatal respiratory distress sydnrome vs TTN

neonatal RDS= prematurity
TTN= c section

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ground glass lungs chest x ray

neonatal RDS

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TTN CXR

interstitial oedema and pleural efusion

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intramural gas on axr

NEC

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side effect of GnRH agonists

loss of bone mineral density

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MMR repeat dose given when

within 3 months usually
within 1 month if over 10 years or if emergency outbreak at school and unvaccinated child

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GnRH analogues used in endometriosis when

all other contraception is refractory

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contraception 1/2/3rd line in endometriosis

COCP 1st
progestrone onlys 2nd
mirena 3rd

note IUD is not recommended

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tricyclic antidepressants cause what type of incontinence

overflow

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antipsychotic that is best for not causing hyperprolactinaemia

apripiprazole

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age for palmar grasp

5-6 months

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age for drawing a circle

3 years

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what contraception increases weight gain

depo provera

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shaken baby syndrome triad

retinal haemorrhages
encephalopathy
subdural haematoma

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overflow incontinence is a result of

bladder outlet obstruction

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cream prescribed for impetigo

hydrogen peroxide 1%

COCP postpartum rules

can be given after 21 days if not breastfeeding can be given after 6 weeks if breastfeeding

achondroplasia inheritance pattern

autosomal dominant

omphalocele mx

c section with staged repair immediate repair if sac is ruptured

gastroschisis mx

vaginal delivery with immediate repair

what method of contraception has the highest effectiveness

contraceptive implant

how does an umbilical granuloma present

small red growth in the center of the belly button in the first few weeks of life, leaks some clear fluid mx by putting salt on it, waiting or cauterising with silver nitrate

how is the airway secured in acute epiglottitis

endotracheal intubation

what is used for vte prophylaxis in pregnancy

lmwh (enoxaparin)

rules for cervical smear during pregnancy

if all previous smears were normal, wait till 12 weeks post partum if previous smear abnormal, can do a smear mid trimester if not contraindicated, seek specialist advice

refer for lack of foetal movements when

24 weeks

what pathogen causes roseola infantum

human herpes virus 6

how is depression classified

less severe= PHQ9 <16 more severe= PHQ9 >16

first line mx for less severe depression

guided self help SSRIs not recommended first line unless patient wants them

first line mx for more severe depression

combination CBT and SSRI

what are abdo masses in androgen insensitivity syndrome

undescended testes

androgen insensitivity syndrome mx

counsel parents to raise the child as a girl remove undescended testes oestrogen therapy

what can't you give to a pregnant woman with thrush and what do you give instead

oral fluconazole give cotrimazole pessary instead

abx for trichomanis vaginalis

metronidazole

in what women does anti d not work

if sensitisation has already occured

benzodiazepines moa

enhance GABA

who is the legal mother of a surrogate child

the one who gives birth to him

type of insulin used in mx of gestational diabetes

short acting only

other name for group B strep

streptococcus agalactiae

edinburgh postnatal depression score above what is concerning

what to monitor when mag sulf is given in eclampsia

resp rate reflexes

what age do babies start to smile

6 weeks

whats the most common presentation of neonatal sepsis

grunting and other signs of respiratory distress

what is genetic anticipation?

with each successive generation the age of onset of certain hereditary disease is earlier

serborrhoeic dermatitis presentation

craddle cap rash in baby red with yellow flakes

what when taken with an ssri causes serotonin syndrome?

maoi

how to differentiate somatisation and conversion disorders

somatisation= the medically unexplained symptoms cause the patient distress conversion disorder= the medically unexplained symptoms dont cause the patient distress

in HRT what increases the risk of breast cancer

the progestogen

how to differentiate ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage from US

ectopic= no intrauterine pregnancy, pelvic free fluid present miscarriage= gestational sac/products of conception visible in uterus

what hearing test is done at school level

pure tone audiometry

vte prophylaxis in pregnancy started when till when

start immediately until 6 weeks postnatal

what do you need to give to a women who is giving labour and pyrexic

benzylpenicillin for GBS prophylaxis

intussecption mx

air insufflation

COCP should be stopped how long before surgery for DVT prophylaxis

4 weeks

when do sx in cows milk protein intolerance manifest

when formula is introduced

what causes pseudomyxoma peritonei

mucinous cystadenoma

how does bHCG affect thyroid levels

increases T3 and T4 production (because it has a similar structure to TSH) this will have negative feedback on TSH

triad of sx in PTSD

hyperarousal- sleep disturbance, anxiety re experience- flashbacks, nightmares avoidance- people or situation

how many episodes of vomitting for CT head in a child

3 or more discrete episodes

citalopram causes what ecg change

qt prolongation torsades des pointes

how to differentiate pyloric stenosis from meconium ileus

meconium ileus= bilious vomitting pyloric stenosis= non bilious vomitting and mass usually palpable

what type of vaccine is rotavirus

live attenuated

why cant rotavirus be given after a certain date

risk of intussusception

what organism causes hand foot and mouth

cocksackie a16

perthes disease mx

under 6 observe over 6 surgical correction can use casts to hold the head in the acetabulum

rf for meconium aspiration

post term delivery maternal hypertension pre-eclampsia chorioamnionitis smoking substance abuse.

how can you differentiate early vs late shock

early= tachycardia, tachypnoea, BP normal, reduced urine output late= bradycardia, kussmaul breathing, hypotension, no urine output