W0 Practice Questions Flashcards
Hypertension, pruritus and xerosis are common findings in which patient?
Uremic patient
Chronic renal failure presents with which LOW electrolyte imbalances?
LOW Ca++
LOW NA+
HIGH phosphate
Metabolic acidosis (low pH)
Hypocalcemia in chronic renal failure is due to two primary causes - increased serum phosphorus and decreased renal production of 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D.
The former causes hypocalcemia by complexing with serum calcium and depositing it into bone and other tissues.
The latter causes hypocalcemia by decreasing the GI absorption of calcium.
Hematuria
Red blood cells casts
Proteinuria
Nephritic syndrome
Renal colic
Hematuria
UA — crystals resembling coffin lids and
KUB reveals staghorn calculus
What is this?
Treatment?
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Struvite stones
Low purine diet for which type of stone?
Uric acid stone
High fluid and low salt diet for which type of stone?
Cystine stone
Treatment for stage 1 testicular seminoma
Orchiectomy and active surveillance
No chemo for this stage
Which syndrome:
Proteinuria
Hyperlipidemia
Hypoalbuminemia
Nephrotic syndrome
Tx for chronic bacterial prostatitis?
Levofloxacin (FQ)
Or
Bactrim
Needed to penetrate the prostate
Treatment for pregnant patient with pyelonephritis
IV ceftriaxone (rocephin)
Broad waxy casts in urinary sediment are a specific finding in what?
Chronic renal failure
Hyaline casts in urinary sediment could be normal or could indicate 3
Dehydration
Strenuous exercise
Febrile illness
Post op patient w/ increase BUN:Cr
FeNa <1%
Most likely diagnosis ?
Prerenal azotemia
Azotemia = elevated levels of urea
Blood at end of urinary stream, origin? 2
Bladder neck
Prostatic urethral source
Which is the preferred pharm agent to decrease bed wetting episodes?
Imipramine OR desmopressin
Treatment of acute renal failure d/t rhabdo is best accomplished with ?
IV fluids (IV sodium bicarb)
Forced alkaline diuresi
Treatment for acute prostatitis + toxic appearing, febrile…
Ampicillin & gentamicin
Patient presents w/ oliguria, hematuria, protinuria following streptococcal pharyngitis 2 weeks ago
Acute glomerulonephritis
(Nephritic syndrome — post infectious GAS)
Which medication to prevent progression of diabetic nephropahty?
What does it do?
ACEI
Prevents the progression of Proteinuria
They improve glomerulus hemo dynamics by decreasing glomerular pressure
2-3 weeks post streptococcal infection, edema, HTN, cola-coloured urine
Dx?
Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Edema, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, >3.5 proteinURIA in 24h.
Children post URI
Minimal change disease
Medication that causes acute tubular necrosis?
Gentamicin — aminoglycosides
Treatment of choice for a patient who develops acute urinary retention with acute bacterial prostatitis (non pharm)
Percutaneous suprapubic tube
Don’t want to catheterise a patient w/ acute bacterial prostatitis
12 year old
Hematuria, cola urine, oliguria, edema of face and eyes in the morning
UA: RBCs, mild Proteinuria and RBC casts
Pharyngitis 2 weeks ago …
Glomerularnephritis — group A strep «post infectious»
