W1 Intro To Anatomy

Question 1

Define anatomy, physiology & pathology

Answer 1

Anatomy
•The study of the structure of organisms

Physiology
•The study of the function of organisms

Pathology
•The study of disease and injury

Question 2

Describe anatomical position (5)

Answer 2

Erect position of the body

Face directed forward

Both arms by the side

Palms of the hands facing forward

The feet are slightly parallel, and toes oriented to the front

Question 3

What are the major anatomical planes?

Answer 3

1. Axial or transverse
2. Coronal
3. Sagittal

Question 4

Define ventral & dorsal

Answer 4

Ventral – front of the body
Dorsal – back of the body

Question 5

Define superior & inferior

Answer 5

Superior – towards the upper part of the body

Inferior – towards the bottom part of the body

Question 6

Define cranial & caudal

Answer 6

Cranial – nearer to head

Caudal – nearer to feet

Question 7

Define external & internal

Answer 7

External – outer or exterior

Internal – inner or interior

Question 8

Define superficial & deep

Answer 8

Superficial – closer to the surface of the body

Deep – closer to the interior center of the body

Question 9

Define palmar & dorsal & plantar

Answer 9

Palmar – palm or anterior surface of the hand

Dorsal – back of the hand or foot

Plantar – sole of the foot

Question 10

Define medial & lateral

Answer 10

Medial – towards median plane/center of the body

Lateral – away from median plane

Question 11

Define distal & proximal

Answer 11

Distal – away from trunk or point of origin

Proximal – towards trunk or point of origin

Question 12

Describe movement of shoulder blades

Answer 12

Retraction=inwards
Protraction=outwards

Question 13

Describe movement of shoulders

Answer 13

Elevation= up
Depression= down

Question 14

Describe movement of feet

Answer 14

Inversion= inwards
Eversion=outwards

Dorsiflexion= foot pointed up
Plantarflexion= foot pointed down

Question 15

Describe movement of chin

Answer 15

Retrusion= back
Protrusion= forward

Question 16

Name side to side movement

Name word for turning

Answer 16

Lateral bending

Rotation

Question 17

What are the types of rotation

Answer 17

Medial rotation
Lateral rotation

Question 18

Describe moving your arm/leg away & towards you

Answer 18

Abduction
Adduction

Question 19

Describe circumduction

Answer 19

Flexion
Abduction
Extension
Adduction

Question 20

Describe dorsal body cavity

Answer 20

Cranial cavity
Vetebral cavity

Question 21

Describe ventral body cavity

Answer 21

1.thoracic cavity:
*superior mediastinum
*pleural cavity w/n SM

2.abdominal cavity

3.pelvic cavity

2&3=abdominopelvic cavity

Question 22

Describe abdominopelvic quadrants

Answer 22

RUQ LUQ

RLQ LLQ

Question 23

Describe abdominopelvic regions

Answer 23

R-hypochondriac
R-lumbar
R-iliac

Epigastric
Umbilical
Hypogastric

L-hypochondria
L-lumbar
L-iliac

Question 24

What does the musculoskeletal system contain?

Answer 24

It includes:
•Bones
•Cartilage
•Muscles
•Ligaments
•Tendons
•Connective tissues

Question 25

What does the respiratory system contain?

Answer 25

It includes: •Mouth and nose •Sinuses •Pharynx •Larynx (voice box) •Trachea •Bronchial tubes •Lungs •Diaphragm •Pleura

Question 26

What does the digestive system contain?

Answer 26

It includes: •Mouth •Esophagus •Stomach •Small and large bowel •Pancreas •Gallbladder •Liver

Question 27

What does the urinary system contain?

Answer 27

It includes: •Kidneys •Ureters •Bladder •Urethra

Question 28

What does the reproductive system contain female?

Answer 28

It includes: •Vagina •Uterus •Ovaries •Fallopian tubes

Question 29

What does the reproductive system male contain?

Answer 29

It includes: •Penis •Scrotum •Testicles •Epididymis •Prostate gland

Question 30

What does the endocrine system contain?

Answer 30

It includes: •Hypothalamus •Pineal gland •Pituitary •Thyroid and parathyroid •Thymus •Adrenal gland •Pancreas •Ovaries •Testicles

Question 31

What does the cardiovascular system contain?

Answer 31

It includes: •Heart •Blood vessels (arteries, veins,…) •Blood

Question 32

What does the nervous system contain?

Answer 32

It includes: •Central nervous system: brain, spinal cord •Peripheral nervous system: nerves, plexus

Question 33

What does the integumentary system contain?

Answer 33

It includes: •Skin and its layers •Glands •Hair and nails

Question 34

What does the lymphatic system include?

Answer 34

It includes: •Lymph vessels •Lymph nodes •Lymph •Spleen •Thymus •Tonsils and adenoids •Bone marrow •Appendix