W1 - Overview of Neuroanatomy

Question 1

What does sagittal plane divide?

Answer 1

Left and right

Question 2

What does coronal plane divide?

Answer 2

Anterior + posterior

Question 3

What does the transverse plane divide?

Answer 3

Superior + inferior

Question 4

What does it mean to be rostral?

Answer 4

Towards head/face

Question 5

What does it mean to be caudal?

Answer 5

Towards tail

Question 6

What does ventral mean in terms of the brain/spinal cord?

Answer 6

Brain - inferior, spinal cord - anterior/towards belly

Question 7

What does dorsal mean in terms of the brain/spinal cord?

Answer 7

Brain - superior, spinal cord - posterior/towards back

Question 8

Why is ventral and dorsal different in the brain vs spinal cord?

Answer 8

Due to flexion of the neural tub during development

Question 9

Is a sulcus or a fissure deeper?

Answer 9

Fissure

Question 10

What do sulci give rise to?

Answer 10

Gyrus (gyri - plural)

Question 11

What primary cortex’s are rostral (frontal lobe)/caudal (parietal lobe) to the central sulcus?

Answer 11

Rostral (frontal)- primary motor cortex. Caudal (parietal) - primary sensory cortex

Question 12

What primary cortex is present in the occipital and temporal lobes?

Answer 12

Occipital - primary visual. Temporal - primary auditory

Question 13

What is the area called in the frontal lobe that produces language?

Answer 13

Broca’s area

Question 14

What is the area called in the temporal lobe that understands language?

Answer 14

Wernicke’s area

Question 15

Where in the frontal lobe is the area that is responsible for judgement, personality + motor planning?

Answer 15

Rostral/anterior to the primary motor cortex

Question 16

Where do actions that are slower (e.g. facial + object recognition) go to in the brain?

Answer 16

Temporal visual association area

Question 17

Where do faster actions (e.g. catching a ball) go to in the brain?

Answer 17

Posterior parietal associated area

Question 18

What are the 3 actions of the posterior parietal associated area?

Answer 18

Spatial awareness (proprioception), selective attention + somatosensory integration

Question 19

Are the descending and ascending pathways in the spinal cord motor or sensory?

Answer 19

Descending = motor, ascending = sensory

Question 20

What two things are a part of the diencephalon?

Answer 20

Thalamus + hypothalamus

Question 21

Where is the cerebellum located?

Answer 21

Posterior/caudal to the brainstem

Question 22

What three things make up the brainstem from most ventral to most dorsal?

Answer 22

Medulla oblongata - pons - midbrain

Question 23

What sits just above the brainstem and what sits under and anterior to that?

Answer 23

Thalamus above brainstem, hypothalamus is just under + anterior to the thalamus

Question 24

The spinal cord has a ventral and a dorsal cord, which is motor and which is sensory?

Answer 24

Ventral - motor, dorsal - sensory

Question 25

What is the callosum body made up of?

Answer 25

White matter

Question 26

Are the cranial nerves that emerge from the brainstem numbered from top to bottom or bottom to top?

Answer 26

Top to bottom

Question 27

What part of the brain is responsible for regulating all autonomic functions? e.g. hormone production

Answer 27

Hypothalamus

Question 28

The cerebellum regulates somatic motor output, does it coordinate and initiate movement?

Answer 28

Just coordinates

Question 29

Which part of the brain is involved in motor learning?

Answer 29

Cerebellum

Question 30

Somatic and autonomic are both sensory + motor, which one is involuntary and which is voluntary?

Answer 30

Somatic - voluntary/conscious, autonomic - involuntary