W1 & W2 - Linear Kinematics

Question 1

What are the motion analysis systems

Answer 1

Passive marker systems

Active marker systems

Question 2

What 4 main variables are used to describe translatory (linear) motion?

Answer 2

Position

Distance

Displacement

Velocity/Acceleration

Question 3

Define angular motion

Answer 3

Motion about a given point so that diff regions of the same body part/object don’t move through the same distance in a given time.

Question 4

Rectilinear translation

Answer 4

Body travels in a straight path

Question 5

What are the variables of interest of kinematic analysis?

Answer 5

Position

Velocity

Acceleration

Question 6

Scalar or vector for displacement?

Answer 6

Vector

Question 7

Whats the standard index of frequency

Answer 7

Hertz (Hz)

Question 8

What is kinesiology?

Answer 8

Scientific study of human movement

Question 9

Define translational motion

Answer 9

Motion in a straight or curved line in which diff regions of the same object move the same distance.

i.e forward hand movement during hockey pass

Question 10

What is the sampling frequency

Answer 10

No. of frames/pictures per second of data

Question 11

Define movement/motion

Answer 11

Change in place, position or posture, relative to a point in the env.

Question 12

What can biomechanical analysis be used for?

Answer 12

Understanding human locomotion in sport + health context

Understand causes of injury

Monitor injury prevention/rehab

Question 13

What does a biomechanical analysis evaluate?

Answer 13

Motion of a living organism

Effect of forces on a living organism

Question 14

Displacement

Answer 14

Length of straight line joining its initial + final positions, taking note of the direction.

Question 15

Is kinesiology considered to be mostly qualitative or quantitative?

Answer 15

Qualitative

i.e breakdown of a skill + ID muscular contributions

Question 16

How is velocity calculated

Answer 16

Displacement / time

Question 17

What are the 2 ways in which temporal + spatial characteristics can be described?

Answer 17

Qualitative

Quantitative

Question 18

What is velocity

Answer 18

Rate of change in position

Question 19

Define position

Answer 19

Location in space rel to a reference

Question 20

What can systems be?

Answer 20

Static

Dynamic

Question 21

Define static systems

Answer 21

Systems that are or aren’t moving at a constant speed.

In equilibrium.

Question 22

Curvilinear translation

Answer 22

Body travels in a curved path

Question 23

What are the types of translational motion

Answer 23

Rectilinear

Curvilinear

Question 24

Define dynamic systems

Answer 24

Systems that are being accelerated

Question 25

Give examples of angular motion

Answer 25

Flexion of knee during running Rotation of body during a somersault Rotation of body around a high bar

Question 26

What are the ways to collect kinematic data

Answer 26

Motion analysis systems Motion capture systems

Question 27

What is scaling?

Answer 27

Conversion of measured distance into real units i.e 70mm on screen to 0.6m in reality

Question 28

Relate gymnast rotating about a high bar to angular motion

Answer 28

To make a full revolution, the feet travel a much greater distance than the head.

Question 29

Number of pictures per second

Answer 29

Frames/field

Question 30

What characteristics does movement have?

Answer 30

Temporal Spatial

Question 31

What can kinetic analyses provide info about?

Answer 31

How a movement was produced + how a position was maintained

Question 32

Spatial characteristics of movement

Answer 32

Direction + path of motion w. respect to the 3D area in which all things move. i.e 50 degree angle of release

Question 33

What are the 2 types of motion present in human movement?

Answer 33

Translational + angular

Question 34

What are the standard index units

Answer 34

Distances (m) Time (s)

Question 35

Active marker systems

Answer 35

Emit infrared light back to the system collecting them.

Question 36

What can the forces in kinetics be?

Answer 36

Internal (muscle + bones) External (Ground reaction force)

Question 37

Give an example of a motion capture system

Answer 37

An Accelerometer

Question 38

Is biomechanics considered to be mostly qualitative or quantitative?

Answer 38

Quantitative

Question 39

What does digitisation effectively do?

Answer 39

Turns qualitative video into a quantitate one

Question 40

What does kinematic analysis provide value for?

Answer 40

How fast, high or far an object travels...

Question 41

Passive marker systems

Answer 41

Reflective markers placed on the body

Question 42

Temporal characteristics of movement

Answer 42

Duration of action Time at which action occurs

Question 43

Acceleration

Answer 43

Rate of change of velocity Change in velocity / change in time