W1.2

Question 1

measures the response of sound waves against solid objects.

Answer 1

Ultrasonography

Question 2

used to predict fetal maturity by measuring the biparietal diameter of the fetal
head.

Answer 2

Biparietal Diameter

Question 3

Assessment of the blood flow through uterine blood vessels
is helpful to determine the vascular resistance present in women with diabetes or hypertension of
pregnancy and whether resultant placental insufficiency is occurring.

Answer 3

Doppler Umbilical Velocimetry (Doppler ultrasonography)

Question 4

Based particularly on the amount of calcium deposits in the base of the placenta

Answer 4

Placental Grading

Question 5

a placenta 12–24 weeks

Answer 5

0

Question 6

30–32 weeks

Answer 6

1

Question 7

36 weeks

Answer 7

2

Question 8

38 weeks

Answer 8

3

Question 9

Because the
technique apparently causes no harmful effects to the fetus or woman, it has the potential to replace
or complement ultrasonography as a fetal assessment technique

Answer 9

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 10

substance produced by the fetal liver that is present in both amniotic fluid and maternal
serum

Answer 10

AFP

Question 11

Traditionally assessed at the 15th week of pregnancy, between 85% and 90% of
neural tube defects and 80% of Down syndrome babies can be detected by this method.

Answer 11

Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein

Question 12

Triple screening, or analysis of three indicators

Answer 12

MSAFP, unconjugated estriol, and hCG

Question 13

As with the
measurement of MSAFP, it requires only a simple__________________ of the mother.

Answer 13

venipuncture

Question 14

is a biopsy and chromosomal analysis of chorionic villi that is
done at 10–12 weeks of pregnancy.

Answer 14

Chorionic villi sampling (CVS)

Question 15

(transvaginal aspiration of fluid from the
extraembryonic cavity) is an alternative method to remove cells for fetal analysis.

Answer 15

Coelocentesis

Question 16

from the Greek amnion for “_______” and kentesis for “__________”

Answer 16

sac

puncture

Question 17

called cordocentesis or funicentesis

Answer 17

Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling

Question 18

aspiration of blood from the umbilical
vein for analysis

Answer 18

Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling

Question 19

Because the umbilical vein
continues to ooze for a moment after the procedure, fetal blood could enter the maternal circulation
after the procedure, so___________ is given to Rh-negative women to prevent sensitization.

Answer 19

RhIG

Question 20

the visual inspection of the amniotic fluid through the cervix and membranes
with an amnioscope (a small fetoscope). The main use of the technique is to detect meconium staining.
It carries some risk of membrane rupture.

Answer 20

Amnioscopy

Question 21

fetus is visualized by inspection

Answer 21

Fetoscopy

Question 22

biophysical profile combines five parameters

Answer 22

fetal reactivity
fetal breathing movements
fetal body movement
fetal tone
amniotic fluid volume

Question 23

If the fetus score on a complete profile is 8–10, the fetus is considered to
be doing well.

A score of 6 is considered___________; a score of 4 denotes a fetus probably in_______________.

Answer 23

suspicious

jeopardy

Question 24

medical term for any interruption of a pregnancy before a fetus is viable

Answer 24

Abortion

Question 25

A viable fetus is usually defined as a fetus of more than ___________weeks of gestation or one that weighs at least___________.

Answer 25

20 to 24 500 g

Question 26

occurs before week 16 of pregnancy

Answer 26

early miscarriage

Question 27

occurs between weeks 16 and 24 of pregnancy

Answer 27

late miscarriage

Question 28

vaginal bleeding bright red no cervical dilatation

Answer 28

Threatened abortion

Question 29

If no fetal heart sounds are detected and an ultrasound reveals an empty uterus or nonviable fetus, a physician may perform a_____________________________ to ensure that all the products of conception are removed.

Answer 29

vacuum extraction D&E

Question 30

Also commonly referred to as early pregnancy failure, the fetus dies in utero but is not expelled.

Answer 30

Missed Abortion

Question 31

Missed abortion If the pregnancy is over 14 weeks, labor may be induced by a prostaglandin suppository or____________ (Cytotec) to dilate the cervix, followed by oxytocin stimulation or administration of__________________ techniques used for elective termination of pregnancy

Answer 31

misoprostol mifepristone

Question 32

In the past, women who had three spontaneous miscarriages that occurred at the same gestational age were called

Answer 32

“habitual aborters.”

Question 33

Complications of Miscarriage:

Answer 33

1. Hemorrhage 2. Infection 3. Septic abortion 4. Isoimmunization 5. Powerlessness or Anxiety

Question 34

With ectopic pregnancy, fertilization occurs as usual in the

Answer 34

distal third of the fallopian tube

Question 35

the second most frequent cause of bleeding early in pregnancy.

Answer 35

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 36

that leaves scarring is usually bilateral

Answer 36

salpingitis

Question 37

used before pregnancy reduce the incidence of ectopic pregnancy

Answer 37

oral contraceptives

Question 38

umbilicus may develop a bluish tinge

Answer 38

(Cullen’s sign)

Question 39

An unruptured ectopic pregnancy can be treated medically by the oral administration of_______________ followed by______________

Answer 39

methotrexate leucovorin

Question 40

an abortifacient, is also effective at causing sloughing of the tubal implantation site

Answer 40

Mifepristone

Question 41

The therapy for a ruptured ectopic pregnancy is _______________to ligate the bleeding vessels and to remove or repair the damaged fallopian tube.

Answer 41

laparoscopy

Question 42

abnormal proliferation and then degeneration of the trophoblastic villi

Answer 42

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (Hydatidiform Mole)

Question 43

Abnormal trophoblast cells must be identified because they are associated with

Answer 43

choriocarcinoma

Question 44

On chromosomal analysis, although the karyotype is a normal 46XX or 46XY, this chromosome component was contributed only by the father, or an “empty ovum” was fertilized and the chromosome material was duplicated.

Answer 44

Complete Mole

Question 45

he syncytio-trophoblastic layer of villi, however, is swollen and misshapen. A macerated embryo of approximately 9 weeks’ gestation may be present and fetal blood may be present in the villi. • Has 69 chromosomes

Answer 45

Partial Mole

Question 46

Therapy for gestational trophoblastic disease is _________________to evacuate the mole.

Answer 46

suction curettage

Question 47

refers to a cervix that dilates prematurely and therefore cannot hold a fetus until term. It occurs in about 1% of women. The dilatation is usually painless. Often the first symptom is show (a pink-stained vaginal discharge)

Answer 47

Incompetent Cervix (Premature Cervical Dilatation)

Question 48

After the loss of one child because of premature cervical dilatation, a surgical operation termed_______________ can be performed to prevent this from happening in a second pregnancy.

Answer 48

cervical cerclage

Question 49

nylon sutures are placed horizontally and vertically across the cervix and pulled tight to reduce the cervical canal to a few millimeters in diameter.

Answer 49

McDonald

Question 50

sterile tape is threaded in a purse string manner under the submucous layer of the cervix and sutured in place to achieve a closed cervix

Answer 50

Shirodkar

Question 51

Keep a woman in a____________, not supine, position to prevent pressure on the vena cava and additional interference with fetal circulation

Answer 51

lateral

Question 52

occurs before the end of week 37 of gestation

Answer 52

Premature Labor

Question 53

The typical fetus moves___ times in an hour

Answer 53

10