W28/L7 Flashcards
(21 cards)
In which type of bone do we find the haversian systems?
Compact
What’s another name for haversian systems?
Osteons
What’s the name of the space that osteocytes live in?
Lacunae
Can also refer to the space in cartilage where the chondrocytes live
What are the histological features of active osteoblasts?
Amphophilic cytoplasm
Paranuclear hoff
Where do the osteoid progenitor cells live?
In the ‘osteum (peri- and endo-)
What are the 4 phases of fracture healing?
Infammatory phase
Reparative phase: soft callus
Reparative phase: hard callus
Remodelling phase
In a fracture - how long does it take for granulation tissue to form?
A few days, though about a week to get “good” granulation tissue
What happens in the inflammatory phase of fracture repair?
Formation of a haematoma, and granulation tissue
What happens in the soft callus part of the reparative phase of fracture repair?
There’s cartilage formation that holds the fractured ends together
The periosteum repairs itself
What happens in the hard callus part of the reparative phase of fracture repair?
Woven bone formed by osteoid formation & ossification
What’s the time frame after fracture for soft callus formation?
Days-weeks
What’s the time frame after fracture for hard callus formation?
Weeks-months
What happens in the remodelling phase of bone fracture repair?
The woven bone becomes lamellar bone, and the bone is back to normal
What’s the time frame after fracture for the remodelling phase?
Months-years
In what case might fracture repair skip the soft callus phase?
When the ends are closely apposed
What’s the medical term for minimising the gap between two ends of broken bone?
Reduction of the fracture
What factors can slow healing of a fracture?
Poor blood supply Infection Smoking Old age Co-morbidities NSAIDs & corticosteroids
What bug usually causes osteomyelitis in open fractures?
Staph aureus
What’s another term for open fractures?
Compound
What are two common sites of fracture causing osteonecrosis?
NoF
Scaphoid
From which two cancers are bony mets most likely to arise, and what proportion is meant “most”?
Breast
Prostate
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