W2L2 Lec 4 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What was the major blow to Behaviorism?
Noam Chomsky pointing out that children discover rules for language.
According to cognitive psychologists, reinforcement schedules (reward and punishment) can’t explain _____________
Overregulation.
Who coined the term cognitive psychology?
Ulrich Neisser
What do cognitive psychologists think we should explore?
The operation of “non-observables” as attention, memory, reasoning, planning, goals, and problem solving.
What is functionalism?
The idea that psychology needs to study the software of the mind.
Those that believe in the computer metaphor would say “organisms don’t just mechanically respond to external stimulation. They process __________.”
Information.
In the cognitive approach, perception, thinking, and memory operate on ______________
mental representations that can be combined, manipulated, or changed.
According to constructivism, perception, thinking, and memory are ___________
Constructive.
What were the results of german map test?
If people had a negative view of German reunification, then they’d see German cities on the other side of the border as being further apart.
According to Donald Hebb, how is information represented in the brain?
Through neuronal connections.
What is an example of information that is chronically accessible?
Your name
What’s an example of temporarily accessible information?
Name of the current governor of California.
What determines activation level when it comes to priming?
It is determined by the recency and frequency of previous exposure to related information.
What is priming?
Any procedure that activates a piece of mental information.
What is the availability heuristic?
People make judgments about the frequency, likelihood, or magnitude of an event based on the ease with which evidence come to mind.
What was the manipulation in K&T’s famous names test?
Female names are more famous, and they appear at the beginning and end of the list.
Why were there more traffic deaths right after 9/11?
They were afraid of flying, so more people drove.
Sense organs =
Input devices (touchpad, keyboard)
Motor organs =
Output devices (screen, printer)
Brain stem =
Simple processor (calculator)
Frontal cortex =
Complex processor (cray computer)
Temporal cortex =
Short term storage (RAM)
Visual cortex =
dedicated image processor (graphics card)
Hippocampus =
Long term storage system (hard disk)
