w4 immunizations Flashcards
bbp
blood borne pathogen
bbvi
blood borne virus infections
hepatitis
-inflammation of the liver
-viral infection
-hep b and hep c contribute to majority of chronic liver disease
-infected liver can’t process products of erythrocytes and increase bilirubin Jaundice which results in yellow pigment: eye, urine, serum/ plasma, skin, brain
hep abcde
a and e from food/water you AtE them
B,C and B -body fluids
hepatitis a
-small virus-no envelope
-fecal to oral route (contaminated food and water)
-replicate in epithelial lining/oral cavity or intestine then use circulatory system to travel to liver where they replicate then go back into bile and exit out of stool.
-incubation is 15-50 days
-symptoms decrease in appetite
-no chronic carriers
-immunization not routine, but people who travel get it
Infectious hepatitis
hep b structure
enveloped and unusually stable it can resist heat cold and some chemicals, theres nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat surrounded by spikes. there are 3 antigenic areas. 1.hep b surface antigen HBsAg 2.core antigen HBcAg in protein coat 3. E antigen HBeAg in protein coat
entry, replication, exit of hep b
enters in blood stream or through mucous membrane.
replicates in liver which is slow it has a long incubation period.
exits through ALL body fluids-blood saliva tears spinal fluid sex
symptoms of hep b
60-70 % are asymptomatic
symptoms- between 2 weeks to 6 months, usually at month three, malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomit, abdominal discomfort and JAUNDICE
fullmant infection 1-3% of cases, there is a rapid and sudden fever usually in younger people with a good immune system and the immune system attacks it right away aggressively this results in liver failure then death
carries of hep b
5-10% of people can be a reservoirs for years,
chronic viral infection issue with hep b
can result in hepatocellular carcinoma
transmission of virus
blood, so through needles sex tattoos razors
blood stained clothes or blood spilled on broken skin
body fluids also transmit so saliva semen spinal fluid vaginal fluid and breastmilk
the fluids are infectious when virus is replicating, if it is chronic it can be for 6 to 7 years `
diagnosis of hep b
testing for hep b surface antigen or HBsAg and this is found in blood usually 2 months after infected, because the virus is replicating the most at that time
after about 5 months there will be anti HBswhich indicates recovery
HBs antibody gives immunity for years
healthcare worker and hep b
blood to blood contact or blood to mucous membrane and to prevent use routine practices and ppe and get ur god damn immunization
if exposed, hep b immunoglobulin is used as short term treatment.
hep c
20% acute hep usually from intravenous drug abuse and it enters through blood, usually through needles or sharps, routine practices are the best preventative measure
80% of people get flu like symptoms
60-90% are chronic carriers
hep d
defective virus
only replicates with hep b
fulminant hepatitis from damage
transmitted through blood semen and vaginal secretions
can’t infect without hep b so hep b prevention required
hep e
fecol oral route and the mortality rate higher than HAV
