Ward 105 - Gen Med/Diabetes Flashcards
(35 cards)
at what rib level is the inferior angle of the scapula found?
7th rib
name examples of what causes dullness vs stony dullness on percussion of lungs
dullness: solid tissues instead of air presence eg consolidation, tumour, collapse
stony dullness: pleural effusion
name examples of what causes hyperresonance on percussion of lungs
increased air spaces eg COPD, emphysema, pneumothorax
what is a typical heart rhythm in someone with atrial fibrillation?
irregularly irregular (totally irregular) rhythm
with which heart valve abnormality is a collapsing pulse associated?
aortic regurgitation
with which heart valve abnormality is a slow rising pulse associated?
aortic stenosis
in mitral stenosis, is the first heart sound louder or quieter?
louder
in mitral regurgitation, is the first heart sound louder or quieter?
quieter
what is a common cause of distended bowel loops?
obstruction
do raised ASP and ALT point to intra or extra hepatic inflammation ?
intrahepatic inflammation
increased gamma GT points to inflammation in which hepatic area? why?
biliary ducts, because that’s where a lot of it is produced
why does CRP not decrease but might increase straight after starting antibiotic treatment?
because it often lags behind and will take a day or two to come down
name 4 common gram negative organisms which may cause infection
E coli
pseudomonas
shigella
salmonella
where in the body is a common source of gram negative bacterial infections?
gut derived
if a pressure sore spreads deeper into the tissues, what serious complications can arise?
osteomyelitis and sepsis
name the sepsis 6
give oxygen give antibiotics give fluids take blood cultures measure urine output measure lactate
if there is a suspicion of infection, what is the first lab test to carry out and why?
blood cultures to identify organism
what is an important lifestyle question to ask patients with sleep apnea?
does it affect their driving
name some possible causes of flashing lights in vision
vitreous detachment retinal detachment AMD migraine optic neuritis ischaemia
how do you measure calves bilaterally for swelling?
measure distance from tibial tuberosity to widest part of calf, then use a tape measure to measure the circumference of the calf. then do the same thing on the opposite leg
what driving related questions should you ask someone with sleep apnea?
does the apnea stop them driving?
do they fall asleep at the wheel?
what is RRADD?
it’s a metabolic deficiency (Acetyl CoA) which causes inability to digest fats
responsive to riboflavin
on examination, what is found in heart failure?
raised JVP
peripheral/lung oedema
basal crackles
name a few complications of haemochromatosis
cirrhosis heart failure diabetes cardiomyopathy chronic pancreatitis
