Ward 205 - Neurosurgery Flashcards
(25 cards)
what does SBAR stand for?
situation
background
assessment
recommendation
what is a common side effect of cervical surgery?
hoarse voice
if someone is on DOAC, how long do they need to wait before they can have elective surgery?
7 days
if someone is on warfarin, how long do they need to wait before they can have elective surgery?
no waiting time but need vitamin K injection
which patient age group is most likely to develop subdural haematomas?
elderly patients
what type of headache is triggered by a CSF leak?
low pressure headaches (lying down), especially in the morning
cardinal symptoms of cauda equina?
bilateral saddle anaesthesia
incontinence
bilateral leg weakness
loss of anal tone
criteria for MS diagnosis?
2+ separate episodes
oligoclonal bands on CSF
lesions on MRI
treatment for stomach ulcers/H Pylori infection?
clarythromycin
amoxicillin
PPI
main complication after pituitary adenoma resection?
hormonal imbalance:
diabetes insipidus
hypothyroidism
adrenal dysfunction
common signs of psoriatic arthritis
pitting nails salmon rash (esp behind ears/on scalp)
what is the sepsis 6 management?
- give oxygen
- give fluids
- give antibiotics
- take bloods
- monitor lactate
- monitor urine
ABCDE of xray interpretation?
A - airways: trachea, bronchi
B - breathing/bones: lung abnormalities, collapse, ribs
C - cardiac: mediastinum, cardiac notch, aortic knuckle, size
D - diaphragm: phrenic angles
E - everything else
what should the size of the heart be on a normal xray?
should be less than 50% than the diameter of diaphragm
what does an epidural haemorrhage look like on CT?
lens shaped
what can be seen in brain matter after an epidural haemorrahage?
midline shift
what causes an epidural haemorrhage?
rupture of middle meningeal artery
what does fresh blood look like on a CT?
hyperdense - white
what does a subdural haemorrhage look like on CT?
crescent shaped
what causes a subdural haemorrhage?
rupture of bridging veins
what does an acute vs a chronic subdural haemorrhage look like on CT?
acute - white, fresh blood
chronic - dark, old blood
which kidney disease has a higher risk of subarachnoid haemorrhages?
polycystic kidney disease
symptoms of subarachnoid haemorrhage?
worst headache of your life
photophobia
neck stiffness
sudden onset
which type of brain haemorrhage requires a lumbar puncture?
subarachnoid haemorrhage
