Water Flashcards
(29 cards)
_____% of Earth’s surface is covered in water.
Oceans hold ____ % of Earth’s water
71
96.5
Water exists as ___ like rivers and lakes, _____ _____ like glaciers and ice caps, ____ ______ like groundwater aquifers and _____ ______ in the atmosphere
Freshwater
Frozen water
Soil moisture
Water vapour
Groundwater is present beneath the ______ in rock and soil _____ spaces and fractures in rocks
Surface
Pores
The % of water in our body _____ with age.
Lungs contain __% water
Kidneys contain ____% water
Brain contains ___% water
Heart contains ____% water
Drops
83
79
73
73
Freshwater contains less than ____ mg/L of ____ ______ like salt.
1000
Dissolved solids
<_% of water is fresh water,
____% is found in glaciers/ ice caps
____% is groundwater
____% is surface water
3
68
30
0.3
20% of the world’s fresh water is found in ______, their lakes and rivers cover 12% of ______ _______.
Canada
Surface area
Great Lakes contain ___% of fresh surface water
25% of Canadiens depend on ___ for drinking water
18
Groundwater
What are the Great Lakes?
Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Eerie, superior
The intramolecular bond of water is ______. Water is _____, oxygen in water is electron - rich meaning that it is ______ ______ and hydrogen is electron-poor which means that it is _____ _______
Covalent
Polar
Partially negative
Partially positive
Intermolecular forces are relatively _____. Water molecules are attracted to each other through _____ ___ attraction. This means polar molecules line up so that the _____ lines up with the ______. The specific interaction is ______ _______
Weak
Dipole -dipole
Partially negative
Partially positive
Hydrogen-bonding
Electronegative atoms are atoms that ____ electrons ___ themselves.
Most (3)
Pull
Toward
Oxygen, nitrogen and fluorine
Phase changes:
Solid to gas
Gas to solid
Solid to liquid
Liquid to solid
Liquid to gas
Gas to liquid
Sublimation
Deposition
Melting
Freezing
Evaporation
Condensation
Factors affecting solubility (3)
Solute molecule structure and polarity
Temperature
Pressure
Vitamin A is _____ and _____, consists mostly of - bonds
Vitamin C is _____ and _____, consists mostly of - bonds
(polar/ non-polar?) (fat or water soluble)
Non-polar and fat-soluble C-H
Polar and water soluble. O-H
Polar molecules are referred to as _____ and non-polar is referred to as _____
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Soaps are made of _______ _______ that have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail. They maximize ______ ______ between hydrophilic heads and water and maximize _____ between hydrophobic tails
Fatty acids
Hydrogen bonding
Interactions
Solubility of a solid in water usually ______ with increasing temperature.
Solubility of gas in water ______ with increasing temperature
Increase
Decrease
Pressure of a gas determined the ______ of _______ between gas and water’s surface
Frequency of collisions
Amount of CO2 entering the atmosphere increase, the amount of CO2entering oceans ______. This is known as ________ of oceans. The amount of CO2 above the ocean increases, th oceans pH _____
Increases
Acidification
Decreases
PH 1-14 examples
0:HCL. 8: blood
1: stomach acid 9: baking soda
2: lemon. 10: milk of magnesia
3: vinegar. 11: ammonia
4: wine. 12: soap
5: coffee. 13: bleach
6: milk. 14: drain cleaner
7: water
Arrange these from smallest to biggest: gravel, silt, sand and clay
Clay<silt<sand<gravel
The upper surface of a saturated zone is referred to as a ____ _____. The zone between _____ and ______ soil
Water table
Unsaturated
Saturated
