water, ATP and inorganic ions Flashcards
(21 cards)
why is water vital to living organisms
its a metabolite so it is important it lots of metabolic reactions
its a solvent
temperature control
very cohesive
describe the structure of water
consists of 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen joined by shared electrons
its is polar because of the slightly negative and slightly positive charges
attraction is called hydrogen bonding
what is meant by water being a good metabolite
means its involved in condensation and hydrolysis reaction as a water molecule is needed
what is meant by a high latent heat of vaporisation and why is it important
takes alot of energy to break hydrogen bonds between water molecules
this is useful to water loss through evaporation to cool them down
what is meant by specific heat capacity and why is it important
this is the amount of heat needed to cause a temp change. this acts as a buffer against sudden changes
it is important to keep conditions stable within the cell so that it can keep normal function e.g optimum temp for enzyme
what id adhesion
tendency of water molecules to attract other substances- allows water droplets to stick to surfaces of leaves to prevent evaporation
what is cohesion
water molecules sticking together it allows water to be transported
why is water a good solvent and why’s it important
water surrounds ion and dissolves it this allows chemicals to be carried around the body
why is transparency important
means light can pass through easily
what does ATP stand for
adenosine triphosphate
what is the equation for adenine triphosphate to adenine diophosphate
ATP+H20=ADP+PI hydrolysis
ADP+PI=ATP condensation
what is ATP
nucleotide derivative and is formed from a molecule of ribose, a molecule of adenine and 3 phosphate group
what is the rule for energy
cannot be created or destroyed
measured in joules
where is ATP synthesised
mitochondria- in animals
chloroplast- plants
why is ATP an immediate source of energy
can be broken down easily
high energy bonds
it doesn’t need to be Broken down into monomers first
what are the 5 main biological uses
activation molecules
metabolic
active transport
movement
secretion in form of lysosomes
what is a inorganic ion
has an electric charge
postive- cation
negative- anion
doesn’t contain carbon
what are iron ions important for
haemoglobin and the blood
so more oxygen is carried
what are hydrogen ions important for
to maintain ph level
what are sodium ions important for
transport across membranes- glucose and amino acids
what are phosphate ions useful for
ATP and DNA.
