Water Balance (M)

Question 1

What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is an adult male?

Answer 1

60%

Question 2

What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is an adult female?

Answer 2

55%

Question 3

What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is a child?

Answer 3

65%

Question 4

What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is an infant?

Answer 4

75%

Question 5

What is the fxn of nephron?

Answer 5

It fxns in the fundamental mechanism of H2O and salt conservation by the kidneys

Question 6

What are the 2 major compartments of body H2O?

Answer 6

1) Extracellular fluid

2) Intracellular fluid

Question 7

What is extracellular fluid?

Answer 7

It is the fluid outside our cells

Question 8

What are the 3 types of extracellular fluid?

Answer 8

1) Intravascular
2) Interstitial
3) Transcellular

Question 9

What are the exs of intravascular fluid?

Answer 9

1) Blood

2) Plasma

Question 10

What is the ex of interstitial fluid?

Answer 10

Lymph

Question 11

What are the exs of transcellular fluid?

Answer 11

1) Pleural
2) Pericardial
3) Peritoneal
4) CSF
5) Gastrointestinal fluids

Question 12

What is intracellular fluid?

Answer 12

It is the fluid inside our cells

Question 13

What is the characteristic of intracellular fluid?

Answer 13

It is where the metabolic activities occur

Question 14

What is the fxn of H2O?

Answer 14

It acts as a solvent to dissolve electrolytes

Question 15

What are the electrolytes that H2O can dissolve?

Answer 15

1) Na
2) K
3) Ca
4) Mg
5) Cl
6) Bicarbonate
7) Phosphate
8) Sulfate

Question 16

What is the percentage / volume of intracellular volume?

Answer 16

24 L (60%)

Question 17

What is the percentage / volume of extracellular volume?

Answer 17

16 L (40%)

Question 18

What is the percentage / volume of interstitial volume?

Answer 18

11.2 L (28%)

Question 19

What is the percentage / volume of plasma volume?

Answer 19

3.2 L (8%)

Question 20

What is the percentage / volume of transcellular volume?

Answer 20

1.6 L (4%)

Question 21

*Where does the extracellular fluid go / deposit?

Answer 21

1) Matrix
2) Fibrous proteins
3) Glycoproteins
4) Hyaluronan

Question 22

*Where does the intracellular fluid go / deposit?

Answer 22

Cells

Question 23

*Total body water (L) = body weight (lbs)/4

Question 24

*54% of body weight in kg is what?

Answer 24

Body H2O

Question 25

*1kg of body weight equivalent to what value in lbs?

Answer 25

2.2 lbs

Question 26

* In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units? 1) ECF (mmol/kg) 2) ICF (mmol/kg) Given electrolyte: Na

Answer 26

1) 152 | 2) 10

Question 27

* In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units? 1) ECF (mmol/kg) 2) ICF (mmol/kg) Given electrolyte: K

Answer 27

1) 4.3 | 2) 160

Question 28

* In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units? 1) ECF (mmol/kg) 2) ICF (mmol/kg) Given electrolyte: Ca

Answer 28

1) 2.7 | 2) 1.0

Question 29

* In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units? 1) ECF (mmol/kg) 2) ICF (mmol/kg) Given electrolyte: Mg

Answer 29

1) 1.1 | 2) 13

Question 30

* In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units? 1) ECF (mmol/kg) 2) ICF (mmol/kg) Given electrolyte: Cl

Answer 30

1) 109 | 2) 10

Question 31

* In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units? 1) ECF (mmol/kg) 2) ICF (mmol/kg) Given electrolyte: Bicarbonate

Answer 31

1) 29 | 2) 10

Question 32

* In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units? 1) ECF (mmol/kg) 2) ICF (mmol/kg) Given electrolyte: Phosphate

Answer 32

1) 1.5 | 2) 50

Question 33

What is osmolality?

Answer 33

It is the measure of the # of dissolved particles in solution

Question 34

Osmolality is expressed as what?

Answer 34

It is expressed as osmoles per kg of H2O

Question 35

Serum osmolality is expressed as what?

Answer 35

It is expressed as milliosmoles/kg

Question 36

What is the normal reference range for serum osmolality?

Answer 36

275 - 295 mOsm/kg

Question 37

What regulates osmolality?

Answer 37

Hypothalamus

Question 38

How do the hypothalamus regulate the osmolality?

Answer 38

It is regulated by the hypothalamus through the sensation of thirst and the signaling to secrete antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 39

If the pt has increased blood osmolality, what should be done?

Answer 39

The pt should consume more H2O because it will decrease the osmolality

Question 40

What will the pt's body do if the pt has increased blood osmolality?

Answer 40

The posterior pituitary section of ADH will cause renal reabsorption of H2O and decrease the osmolality

Question 41

*last slide