Water & Carbon Cycle Flashcards
(36 cards)
1
Q
Precipitation
A
- heavy cloud droplets that can no longer float
2
Q
Evaporation
A
- change of liquid and frozen water into water-vapour gas
3
Q
Groundwater Storage
A
- groundwater exists beneath top layer of soil in layer called an aquifer
4
Q
Plant Uptake
A
- rain infiltrates downwards into ground with most of it held between dirt particles close to surface - roots pull up water and send to plant
5
Q
Ice Clouds
A
- clouds made of ice that occur at high altitudes
6
Q
Desublimation
A
- when a gas condenses into a solid
7
Q
Transpiration
A
- process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, e.g. leaves
8
Q
Snowmelt
A
- when snow melts, rivers rise
9
Q
Runoff
A
- water running off land surface
10
Q
Seepage
A
- occurs when precipitation falls and soaks into ground
11
Q
Volcanic Steam
A
- steam emitted from volcanos preparing to erupt - contributes to formation of clouds
12
Q
Percolation
A
- slow movement of water through pores in soil or permeable rock
13
Q
Condensation
A
- water vapour gas condenses back into liquid water and ice
14
Q
Groundwater Flow
A
- water underground moves due to gravity - downwards and sideways - fills aquifers and water for lakes
15
Q
Infiltration
A
- process of water entering ground
16
Q
Evapotranspiration
A
- combo of evaporation and transpiration - plants transpire water from leaves and water is evaporating from soil around them
17
Q
Flood Hyrdograph
A
- shows discharge of a river following a particular storm event
18
Q
Dew Point Temperature
A
- temp where air must be cooled to become saturated with water vapour
19
Q
Dew Frost
A
- forms when an exposed surface cools and atmospheric moisture condenses quicker than it can evaporate
20
Q
Hoar Frost
A
- forms when surface temperatures are below freezing point - on vegetation and fences
21
Q
Aquifer
A
- body of permeable rock which contains & transmits groundwater
22
Q
Terrestrial Water
A
- vertically integrated water of all forms above and below Earth’s surface
23
Q
Oceanic Water
A
- water contained in oceans and seas but not including inland seas
24
Q
Cryospheric Water
A
- water locked up on Earth’s surface as ice
25
Atmospheric Water
- water found in the atmosphere; mainly water vapour with some liquid water and ice crystals
26
Types of Basins
```
Dendritic
Trellis
Parallel
Rectangular
Annular
Deranged
Radial
```
27
Positive feedback
Sequence of events that increases change - exacerbates outputs
28
Negative feedback
Sequence of events that neutralises effects of system - dynamic equilibrium
29
Aquifer
Body of permeable rock that contains and transports groundwater
30
Open system
Transfers both energy and matter across boundary
31
Closed system
Transfers energy but not matter across boundary
32
Morphological system
Variables affect each other - e.g. beach size affects LSD
33
Cascading system
One thing has direct impact on another
34
Isolated system
No interaction with anything beyond boundary
35
Oceanic diffusion
Diffusion of carbon into and out of world's oceans
36
Carbon ocean sequestration
Long term storage of carbon in oceans
