Water Polarity Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is water polarity?
Water polarity refers to the substantial percentage of bonded molecules in water.
Define cohesion in the context of water.
Cohesion is the property that holds the substance of water together.
What is adhesion?
Adhesion is when water sticks to another substance.
What is surface tension?
Surface tension is the force necessary to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.
What does capillary action refer to?
Capillary action is a liquid moving as a result of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension, often against gravity.
How does water behave in terms of heat storage?
Water stores heat with only a slight change in temperature.
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, where faster movement means more energy.
What is temperature in relation to kinetic energy?
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of molecules.
Define calorie.
A calorie is the heat energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C.
What is a kilocalorie?
A kilocalorie is the heat energy required to increase the temperature of 1000 grams of water by 1°C.
How does the specific heat of water compare to other substances?
Water has a high specific heat compared to other substances.
What is the specific heat of water?
The specific heat of water is 1 cal/g°C.
Why is the specific heat of water high?
It is due to hydrogen bonding.
What happens to heat during hydrogen bond formation?
Heat is absorbed to break hydrogen bonds and is released when hydrogen bonds form.
What does vaporization refer to?
Vaporization is when molecules gain enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces and enter the gas phase.
How does heating affect evaporation?
Heating increases the average kinetic energy and the rate of evaporation.
What is the heat of vaporization?
The heat of vaporization is the amount of heat required to evaporate 1 gram of liquid.
How does water’s heat of vaporization compare to other liquids?
Water has a relatively high heat of vaporization.
What is evaporative cooling?
The surface of the liquid that remains behind cools as a liquid evaporates.
What is likely to happen to energetic molecules at low temperatures?
They are likely to evaporate.
Define a solution.
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
What is an aqueous solution?
Water is the solvent.
What type of bonds does water form with charged and polar covalent molecules?
Hydrogen bonds.
What is a hydration shell?
A sphere of water molecules surrounding a solute.
