Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards

(31 cards)

1
Q

The only water-soluble vitamin that can be toxic is _____.

A

B6

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2
Q

True or false: high levels of water-soluble vitamins do not affect tissue levels.

A

Most of the time, no –but chronic high intake can raise tissue levels

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3
Q

Riboflavin is also known as _____.

A

B2

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4
Q

B1, B2, and B3 are all involved in the ______.

A

TCA cycle

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5
Q

Thiamin is found in which foods?

A

Legumes, rice bran, and grains

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6
Q

Riboflavin is found in ______________.

A

dairy, eggs, and meats

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7
Q

Niacin is found in _______________.

A

meat, poultry, and corn (if the corn is treated with alkaline)

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8
Q

Thiamin deficiency is also called _______.

A

beriberi

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9
Q

Thiamin deficiency can present in what three ways?

A
  • Dry: peripheral neuropathy, muscle tenderness, and foot drop
  • Wet: edema, CHF
  • Wernicke-Korsakoff: ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, confabulation, memory loss
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10
Q

What groups of people are at risk for thiamin deficiency?

A

Alcoholics
People receiving TPN without B1
Anorexics
SE Asians (eating polished rice)

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11
Q

What is angular stomatitis and in what micronutrient deficiency does it present?

A

It is dry, cracked lips (at the commissure) and it presents in riboflavin deficiency.

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12
Q

Pellagra presents in B3 deficiency. What are the four “D” symptoms?

A

Diarrhea
Dementia
Dermatitis
Death

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13
Q

The ______________ in pellagra is usually symmetric.

A

dermatitis

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14
Q

Sun-sensitivity is a finding of ______________.

A

niacin deficiency

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15
Q

Dermatitis with ______________ presents with niacin deficiency.

A

hypopigmentation

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16
Q

Folic acid is crucial in ____________ transfers.

A

single-carbon (such as methylation and nucleic-acid synthesis)

17
Q

Folic acid comes from ______________.

A

FOLIage (duh!), orange juice, and whole grains

18
Q

Folate deficiency is common in ______________.

A

alcoholics, pregnant women, and the elderly

19
Q

A normal level of segments in the nuclei of a neutrophil is ______________.

20
Q

B12 helps reform tetrahydrofolate from ___________.

21
Q

B12 is involved in the isomerization of methylmalonyl co-a to _______________.

A

succinyl co-a

22
Q

Which B vitamin is only found in animal products?

23
Q

Absorption of ____________ is an active, saturable process. Thus, eating much more than the RDA leads to a large amount of excretion (expensive pee and poop).

A

ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

24
Q

Joint pain (and refusal to walk) is a sign of _________ deficiency.

25
Those with bariatric surgery are at increased risk for ___________.
BERIberi (get it?)
26
You can actually precipitate Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome by _____________.
refeeding a starved person without giving supplemental thiamin
27
Tryptophan is a precursor for __________ and can actually prevent deficiency in that enzyme.
niacin
28
Why does carcinoid tumor lead to niacin deficiency?
Because it shunts tryptophan away from niacin production
29
B6 deficiency presents with _____________.
anemia, glossitis, and neurologic problems
30
The neurologic effects of ______ deficiency are irreversible.
B12
31
Which vitamin helps convert tryptophan to serotonin and dopamine to norepinephrine?
Vitamin C