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Science 391 > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

1
Q

Threshold of Pain

A

sound at 120 dB

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2
Q

Dual Nature

A

Light acts both as a wave and as a particle.

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3
Q

Electron Transitions

A

when atoms absorb and release energy, electrons move from the ground state to higher orbitals and back again.
Ex: neon lights

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4
Q

Mechanical Waves

A

Physical waves that travel through a medium.
Ex: sound and water waves

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5
Q

Wave

A

a disturbance that transports energy as it moves through space and time

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6
Q

Farsightedness

A

A vision problem in which a person cannot see nearby objects without correction.

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7
Q

Diffuse Reflection

A

a reflection in which no image is seen
Ex: reflection from a wall

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8
Q

Reflection (of Light)

A

The bouncing of light off of a surface
Ex: Light reflects off of a mirror

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9
Q

Magnetic Poles

A

the north and south ends of a magnet

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10
Q

Decibel

A

The unit for the loudness of sound and is abbreviated dB.

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11
Q

Voltage / Potential Difference / Potential

A

Volts (V) are used to measure the difference in energy per charge between any two places in a circuit.

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12
Q

Circuit Diagram / Schematic

A

a drawing that uses symbols to show how components should be connected in a circuit

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13
Q

Amplitude

A

the most a particle of the medium can move during a vibration (measured from a point where the medium is not moving to one crest).

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14
Q

Pitch

A

how high or low the sound seems to a human ear

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15
Q

Resistance

A

A device that reduces/limits/controls the current in a circuit, measured in ohms (Ω).

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16
Q

Short Circuit

A

a dangerous circuit in which a wire goes straight from one battery contact to the other.

17
Q

Wavelength

A

distance units used to measure the length of one full wave cycle in space.
Red is long. Violet is short

18
Q

Frequency

A

the number of times an action was seen over a certain amount of time
Red is low. Violet is high

19
Q

Threshold of Hearing

A

0 dB, the softest sound a human can hear

20
Q

Ion

A

an atom that has gained or lost an electron and now has a net electrical charge.

21
Q

Crests

A

the peaks, or highest points, of a vertically vibrating transverse wave

22
Q

Nearsightedness

A

A vision problem in which a person cannot see distant objects without correction because their eyeball is too long.

23
Q

Photon

A

a particle of light energy

24
Q

Period

A

the time it takes to complete one full wave cycle, measured in seconds

25
Q

Refraction (of Light)

A

The bending of a light ray’s direction of travel as it goes from one material to another.
Ex: A pencil looks bent when placed in water

26
Q

Medium

A

the material that carries a mechanical wave

27
Q

Visible Light

A

light with frequencies that humans can see
Ex: Wavelengths: Red is long. Violet is short.

Frequency: Red is low. Violet is high.

28
Q

Compound Microscope

A

Often employs two thick convex lenses to magnify very small objects.

29
Q

Troughs (of a Wave)

A

valleys are the lowest points of a horizontal wave that moves up and down.

30
Q

Transverse Wave

A

A wave in which the sound goes in the opposite direction of the way the energy moves.

In a transverse wave, it’s perpendicular

31
Q

Current

A

The flow rate of charge, measured in amps (A).

32
Q

Longitudinal Wave

A

a wave where the direction of the sound is the same as the way the energy moves.

In a LONGitudinal wave, the vibration is ALONG with the motion

33
Q

Electromagnetic Spectrum

A

electromagnetic waves of all frequencies, from very long radio waves to very short gamma rays

34
Q

Ohms (Ω)

A

the unit for resistance

35
Q

Compression Wave

A

a wave that moves in one direction and has places of high and low pressure or density

36
Q

Magnetic Field

A

The magnetic force that could exist in the space around a magnet. Proportional to the force on a magnetic pole in the space around the magnet.

37
Q

Specular Reflection

A

a reflection that looks like the image
Ex: mirrors

38
Q

Electromagnetic Waves

A

Waves are made up of electric and magnetic forces that move back and forth. Electromagnetic waves don’t need a medium to move, so they can go through an empty space. All things with temperatures above absolute zero give off heat.

39
Q

Wave Speed

A

Tells how fast the wave energy moves from one place to another
Wave speed =wavelength x frequency

Science 391 (19 decks)

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