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National 5 Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

1
Q

What do all waves transfer?

A

Energy.

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2
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

In a transverse wave the particles of the medium vibrate at right angles to the direction of the waves energy transfer.

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3
Q

What are some examples of transverse waves?

A

Light, microwaves, water waves.

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4
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

In longitudinal waves the particles of the medium vibrate in the same directions as the wave energy transfer.

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5
Q

What is an example of a longitudinal wave?

A

Sound.

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6
Q

What is the crest of a wave?

A

The highest point on a wave.

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7
Q

What is the trough of a wave?

A

The lowest point on a wave.

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8
Q

What is the frequency?

A

The number of waves that pass a point in one second.

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9
Q

What is frequency measured in?

A

Hertz (Hz)

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10
Q

What is the period of a wave?

A

The time for a wave to pass a point.

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11
Q

What is the wavelength?

A

The distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave.

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12
Q

How do you measure the speed of sound?

A
  1. Connect two microphones to a timer
  2. Measure the distance between the microphones.
  3. Make a loud sound.
  4. When the sound gets to microphone 1 the timer starts and when the sound gets to microphone two the timer stops.
  5. Use d=vt
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13
Q

What is the speed of sound in air?

A

340 ms-1

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14
Q

What is the speed of light in air?

A

300,000,000ms-1 or 3x10^8ms-1

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15
Q

What are some examples that show that light is faster than sound?

A
  1. Thunder and Lightning
  2. Fireworks
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16
Q

What is ultrasound?

A

Sounds with a frequency above 20,000 Hz.

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17
Q

What does the frequency of a sound affect?

A

The pitch of the sound.

18
Q

What does the amplitude of a sound affect?

A

The volume of the sound.

19
Q

What is diffraction?

A

Diffraction is the ability of a wave to bend round corners.

20
Q

How does the wavelength of a wave affect diffraction.

A

The shorter the wavelength, the less the wave will diffract.
The longer the wavelength, the more the wave will diffract.

21
Q

What will diffract more, radio or tv waves?

A

Radio waves as they have a longer wavelength.

22
Q

What is true about all electromagnetic waves?

A
  1. They all transfer energy.
  2. They are all transverse waves.
  3. They all travel at 300,000,000 ms-1
  4. They all diffract.
23
Q

What is the detector of radio and tv waves?

A

Aerial.

24
Q

What is the detector of microwaves?

A

Aerial.

25
Q

What are some detectors of infrared?

A

Photodiode and thermometer.

26
Q

What are some detectors of visible light?

A

Photodiode, the human eye and photographic film.

27
Q

What are some detectors of ultraviolet?

A

Photodiode or photographic film.

28
Q

What is a detector of X-rays?

A

Photographic film.

29
Q

What are some detectors of gamma rays?

A

Photographic film and a Geiger - Muller tube.

30
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum in order from longest wavelength to shortest?

A

Radio waves
Tv waves
Microwaves
Infrared
Visible Light
Ultraviolet
X-rays
Gamma Rays

31
Q

What are microwaves used for?

A

To carry signals up to a satellite in space.

32
Q

What is infrared used for?

A
  1. To speed up the healing of damaged muscle tissue
  2. Thermal imaging cameras.
33
Q

What is visible light used for?

A
  1. To remove birth marks
  2. To remove tattoos.
  3. To kill cancerous tumours.
34
Q

What is a danger of ultraviolet?

A

Too much exposure to UV can cause skin cancer.

35
Q

What are uses of ultraviolet?

A
  1. Treating skin conditions like acne
  2. Security markings
36
Q

What is a use of X-rays?

A

To detect broken bones.

37
Q

What is a use of gamma rays?

A

To kill cancerous cells.

38
Q

How does light travel?

A

In straight lines.

39
Q

What is refraction?

A

Refraction of light is what happens when lights passes into a different medium of different density.

40
Q

What happens when light travels from a less dense medium into a more dense medium?

A

The light will refract towards the normal.

41
Q

What happens when lights travels from a more dense medium into a less dense medium?

A

The light will refract away from the normal.

National 5 Physics (5 decks)

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