WAVES AND PERIODIC MOTION

Question 1

What is a wave

Answer 1

transfer of energy and momentum from one point to another

Question 2

what does a wave transfer

Answer 2

energy and momentum

Question 3

what happens during energy transfer

Answer 3

each particle in the medium vibrates in
simple harmonic motion respectively to an equilibrium point

Question 4

what are the two types of wave

Answer 4

mechanical and electromagnetic

Question 5

what are the two types of mechanical wave

Answer 5

transverse and longitudinal

Question 6

what is a transverse wave

Answer 6

wave that causes the medium to be displaced perpendicularly to the
direction the wave is traveling

Question 7

what is a longitudinal wave

Answer 7

a wave that causes the medium to be displaced parallel to the
the direction the wave is traveling

Question 8

example of transverse waves

Answer 8

waves on a guitar string are transverse
waves

Question 9

example of longitudinal waves

Answer 9

waves from sound are longitudinal waves

Question 10

what is wavelength

Answer 10

measured from any point in the wave to the point where the wave begins to repeat itself.

Question 11

what is frequency

Answer 11

the number of wavelengths that pass a single fixed point in one second

Question 12

what is wavelength measured in

Answer 12

metres

Question 13

what is frequency measured in

Answer 13

Hz

Question 14

how do you calculate the velocity of a wave

Answer 14

velocity = f x wavelength

Question 15

what is amplitude

Answer 15

maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium point

Question 16

what is intensity

Answer 16

square of amplitude

Question 17

what is amplitude always gonna be

Answer 17

positive

Question 18

what is a period

Answer 18

number of seconds it takes for one wavelength to pass a fixed point.

Question 19

what is the mathematical property of a period

Answer 19

reciprocal of frequency

Question 20

how do you calculate a period

Answer 20

T = 1/f

Question 21

what is the easiest way to measure wavelenth

Answer 21

from crest to crest or trough to trough of a transverse wave

Question 22

what is a wave’s distance from the x axis representing

Answer 22

distance from the source

Question 23

what is a wave’s distance from the y axis representing

Answer 23

displacement/elevation

Question 24

what is ‘in phase’ waves

Answer 24

two waves begin at the same point and have the same wavelength

Question 25

what happens when two transverse waves share the same space

Answer 25

displacements add together at each point along to wave

Question 26

what is interference

Answer 26

superposition of waves > new wave

Question 27

what are the two types of interference

Answer 27

constructive and destructive

Question 28

what is constructive interference

Answer 28

waves add together to create a wave with a larger displacement than either original wave

Question 29

what is destructive interference

Answer 29

waves add together to create a wave with a smaller displacement than either original wave

Question 30

what happens in constructive interference

Answer 30

wave peak comes upon wave peak causing amplification

Question 31

what happens in destructive interference

Answer 31

wave peak comes upon wave trough causing extinction

Question 32

what happens when a series of waves hit an object

Answer 32

cause vibrations within the object

Question 33

what happens if the object itself vibrates due to the wave hitting on the object

Answer 33

If the series of waves cause an object to vibrate at one of its natural frequencies, this phenomenon is termed resonance

Question 34

when does resonance only occur

Answer 34

only occurs when the first object is vibrating at the natural frequency of the second object.

Question 35

how are standing waves produced

Answer 35

from the repeated interference of two waves of identical frequency moving in opposite directions along the same medium

Question 36

what is the structural composition of standing waves

Answer 36

All standing waves consist of nodes and antinodes

Question 37

what do nodes on a graph look like

Answer 37

nodes are amplitude 0 anti nodes are maximum amplitude points

Question 38

what does nodes result from

Answer 38

the destructive interference of the two waves and are therefore points of no displacement

Question 39

what does antinodes result from

Answer 39

from the constructive interference of the two waves and therefore undergo maximum displacement from the rest position

Question 40

amplitude can also be seen as what motion property

Answer 40

displacement

Question 41

no amplitude suggests

Answer 41

no displacement

Question 42

what is a harmonic series

Answer 42

list of the wavelengths from largest to smallest of the possible standing waves

Question 43

how are harmonics numbered

Answer 43

from the longest to shortest wavelength

Question 44

what does the first harmonic contain

Answer 44

fewest number of nodes, which is two (frequency N)

Question 45

what does the second harmonic contain

Answer 45

has one more node than the first harmonic 4 nodes (frequency 2N)

Question 46

how does each successive harmonic vary from it's previous one

Answer 46

one more node from before

Question 47

how would we calculate the frequency of the 5th harmonic

Answer 47

3 x N

Question 48

what is periodic motion

Answer 48

Motion that is regular and repeating

Question 49

contextualise periodic motion to most objects

Answer 49

Most objects that vibrate do so in a regular and repeated fashion, and thus their vibrations are periodic

Question 50

how must the vibrations be within an object for it to be considered periodic motion

Answer 50

vibrate in a regular and repeated fashion