Waves & Particle Nature of Light Flashcards
(105 cards)
What is a progressive wave?
A progressive wave is a wave that transfers energy but not matter.
What are mechanical waves?
Mechanical waves are waves that need a medium to travel through.
What is a transverse wave?
A transverse wave is a wave where oscillations are perpendicular to the direction energy transfer (wave direction).
What is a longitudinal wave?
A longitudinal wave is a wave where the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer (wave direction).
What is compression?
When particles are tightly packed together.
What is rarefraction?
When particles are spread far apart.
- What is wavelength (definition)?
- What is wavelength in terms of longitudinal waves?
- Distance between two identical points on two adjacent waves
- Distance from one compression to another compression or one rarefraction to another rarefraction.
What is amplitude?
Amplitude is the maximum displacement from rest position.
What is frequency?
What are the units for frequency?
-Frequency is the number of complete waves passing a point per second.
-The units are Hertz (Hz) or per second (s^-1)
What is Time period?
What are the units for time period?
-Time period is the time taken for a full wave cycle
-The units are in seconds (s).
What is the formula for Time period?
Frequency = 1/Time period
What is the formula for wavespeed with units?
Wavespeed (m/s) = Frequency (Hz or s^-1) X Wavelength (λ)
What is the velocity of an electromagnetic wave?
the velocity of an electromagnetic wave is 3 X 10^8 (MEMORISE)
What is the most common unit of measurement of angles?
What is an alternative measurement?
Degrees is the most common unit of measurement for angles.
Radians is an alternative measurement for angles?
How do you convert radians to degrees?
How do you convert degrees to radians?
-From radians to degrees you multiply by 180 and divide by π (180/π).
-From degrees to radians you multiply by π and divide by 180 (π/180).
What is phase in a waves?
Phase in a wave is the fraction of the particle cycle it has completed since the start of the cycle.
What is one wavelength equal to in degrees and radians?
Degrees- 360
Radians- 2π
Tip: Every half a wavelength is 180 degrees
In a single wave, when is:
1.The wave in phase?
2. What does that mean in terms of the wave?
3.The wave out of phase?
4. What does that mean in terms of the wave?
1.A wave is in phase when two points on a wave are on the same point on the wave cycle.
2. This means they have the same displacement/velocity. This means they have a phase difference of 0 degrees or 360 degrees (2π).
3. A wave is out of phase when two points on a wave are in different points on a wave cycle.
4. This means they have different displacement/velocity.
STATEMENT:
Waves can be drawn as wave diagrams or circle diagrams. Sometimes, they may not match.
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In two or more waves, when is:
1. The wave in phase and explain?
2. The wave out of phase and explain?
- A wave is in phase when the troughs allign or when the peaks allign. This means the waves have the same velocity/displacement
- A wave is out of phase when the troughs and crests do not allign. This means that the waves have a different displacement/velocity.
1.What is antiphase and explain in detail?
1.It is when the trough and crests are continually alligned (the trough of one wave and the crest of the other wave allign). The waves have an opposite displacement/velocity
What is phase difference measured in?
What is the formula for phase difference?
-Phase difference is measured in (π radians).
Phase difference= distance between points/period X2π
What is a wave profile?
Wave profile shows shows the position of particles along the surface at that specific time and can be represented on a displacement-distance graph.
What is path difference?
What is it measured in?
Path difference is the difference in distance that two waves or two points have travelled.
-Path difference is measured in the units of wavelength (λ).