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WBC Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

Storage Diseases - Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
* Mutation:
* Deficiency:

A

Mutation: gp91phox/p47 gene coding for NADH Oxidase
Deficiency: NADH Oxidase (Bacterial Killing)

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2
Q

Storage Diseases - Gaucher Disease
* Mutation:
* Deficiency:
* Appearance:

A

Mutation: Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) 1 gene in chromosome 1q21
Deficiency: B-glucocerebrosidase
Appearance: Crumpled tissue paper/Onion Skin like
Triage: Hepatomegaly, Gaucher Cells in BM, Hyperphosphatemia

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3
Q

Storage Disease - Neimann -Pick Disease
* Mutation:
* Deficiency:
* Appearance:

A

Mutation: Spingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 gene (SMPD 1 gene)
Deficiency: Acid spingomyelin (ASM)
Characteristics: Foamy Cells

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4
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Hypersegmentation

A

> 5 lobes

Common: Megaloblastic anemia

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5
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Hyposegmentation - Pelger-Huet Anomaly (Heterozygous)

A

Bilobed “Pince-nez” appearance/Dumbell shaped

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6
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Hyposegmentation - Pelger-Huet Anomaly (Homozygous)

A

Round/Oval nuclei - No segmentation

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7
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Chediak Higashi Syndrome

A

Giant lysosomal Granules

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8
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

May Heglin Anomaly

A

Giant platelets with Dohle-like bodies

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9
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Alder Reily Anomaly

A

Large metachromaric Granules, resembles toxic granulation

Associated in Mucopolysaccharidosis - Hunter, Hurler’s, San filipo

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10
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Aur Rods

a.k.a Faggot cells

A

Fused primary granule

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11
Q

WBC Anomly in Granulocyte

Dohle-bodies

A

Aggregates of free ribosomes of RER

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12
Q

WBC Anomly in Monocyte

Gaucher Disease

A

*Deficiency in B-galactocerebrosidase *causing Galactocerebroside accumulation in macrophage.

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13
Q

Most common Lipid Storage Disease

A

Gaucher Disease

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14
Q

WBC Anomaly in Monocyte

Crumpled Tissue paper/Onion like skin

A

Gaucher Disease

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15
Q

WBC Anomaly in Monocyte

Neimann’s Pick Syndrome

A

Deficiency in sphingomyelinase

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16
Q

Foam Cell

A

Niemann’s Pick Syndrome

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17
Q

Infectious Mononucleosis
* Cause:
* Target Cell:

a.k.a Kissing’s Disease

A

Infectious Mononucleosis
* Cause: Epstein-Barr Virus
* Target Cell: B cells

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18
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

Most common Congenital infection

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19
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Hairy Cell

A

Lymphocyte with hair-like projections

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20
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Flame Cell

A

Plasma cell with Red-Pink cytoplasm

Seen in Multiple Myeloma

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21
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Grape cell

a.k.a Mott cell/Morula cell

A

Plasma cell with vacuoles

“Honeycombed appearance”

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22
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Sezary Cell

seen in Mycoses Fungoides

A

Round lymphocyte with nucleus that is grooved or convoluted (Cerebri form)

“Cerebri form” - Brainlike convolutions

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23
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

Reider Cell

A

Lymphocytes with clover-leaf appearance

Seen in CLL

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24
Q

WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells

LE cell

A

**Neutrophil **with ingested homogenous round body

Smooth and evely distributed

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25
# WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells Tart cell
Monocyte with ingested lymphocyte | Rough and evenly distributed
26
# WBC Anomaly in Lymphocytes/Plasma cells Smudge/Basket cell
**Degenerated nucleus of ruptured WBC** * *Smudge cell* - Lymph; Thumbprint appearance * *Basket cell* - Gran; Net-like chromatin pattern | Increased in CLL
27
FAB Classification * Based on: * Diagnosis of AML:
FAB Classification * Based on: *Morphology *Cytochemical stain* * Diagnosis of AML: **>30%**
28
WHO Classification * Based on: * Diagnosis of AML:
WHO Classification * Based on: *Morphology *Cytochemical stain* ***Cytogenetics* *Molecular abnormality*** * Diagnosis of AML: **>20%**
29
>30 blasts
FAB Classifification
30
>20% blasts
WHO Classification
31
**Standard** for Diagnosis of Lekemia
WHO Classification
32
# FAB Classification of ALL Childhood ALL
FAB L1 | **Small, Homogenous** Cell size
33
# FAB Classification of ALL Adult ALL
FAB L2 | **Large, Heterogenous ** Cell size
34
# FAB Classification of ALL Burkitt's type
FAB L3 | **Large, Homogenous** Cell size
35
# FAB Classification of ALL Most **T-cell** ALL
FAB **L1**
36
# FAB Classification of ALL Most **B-cell** ALL
FAB** L3**
37
# FAB Classification - AML M0
Acute **UNDIFFERENTIATED** Leukemia
38
ALL
Most common Leukemia in **Children**
39
AML
Most common Leukemia in **Adult**
40
# FAB Classification of AML M1
Acute **MYELOBLASTIC** Leukemia *without maturation* | **>90%** of myeloblasts
41
# FAB Classification of AML M2
Acute **MYELOBLASTIC** Leukemia *with maturation* | **<90%** of Myeloblasts, **>10%** of Myeloid cells
42
# FAB Classification of AML M3
Acute **PROMYELOCYTIC** Leukemia | Seen in **DIC** and with **mass of Auer Rods**
43
Acute Promyelocytic Anemia (APL) * Abnormality: * Associated disease: * Anomaly:
Acute Promyelocytic Anemia (APL) * Abnormality: **t (15:17)** * Associated disease: **DIC** * Anomaly: **Auer Rods**
44
# FAB Classification of AML M4
Acute MYELOMONOCYTIC Leukemia
45
Naegeli Syndrome
M4
46
# FAB Classification of AML M5a
Acute **MONOCYTIC** Leukemia *without maturation* | **>80%** Monoblasts
47
# FAB Classification of AML M5b
Acute **MONOCYTIC** Leukemia *with maturation* | >80% Monocytes
48
# FAB Classification of AML Schilling's Leukemia
M5a
49
# FAB Classification of ALL M6
Acute **ERYTHROBLASTIC** Leukemia | a.k.a Erythremic Myelosis
50
# FAB Classification of AML Di Guglielmo Syndrome
M6 | PAS (+)
51
# FAB Classification of AML M7
Acute **MEGAKARYOCYTIC** Leukemia
52
# FAB Classification of AML M8
Acute **BASOPHILIC** Leukemia
53
Myeloproliferative Disorders | "PEP-C"
Myeloproliferative Disorders * P - PCV * E - Essential thrombocythemia * P - Primary Myelofibrosis/Myelofibrosis w/ Myeloid metaplasia * C - Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
54
# Myeloproliferative Disorder Chromic Myelogenous Leekemia (CML)
Presence of **Philadelphia Chromosome** due **t(9:22)** or **BCR/ABL** gene mutation
55
*Chronic Myeloproliferative Diroder* that is **only NEGATIVE FOR JAK2 V617F gene**
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
56
Leukemia that is also associated to Philadelphia chromosome
ALL
57
>1,000 x 10^9/L
Essential Thrombcythemia (ET)
58
# Lymphoproliferative Disorder Polycythemia Vera
Characterized by **panmyelosis** (hypercellular BM) and **low EPO**
59
# Lymphoproliferative Disorder Lab Findings - PCV * BM: * EPO: * Positive:
Lab Findings - PCV * BM: Panmyelosis * EPO: Low EPO * Positive: JAK2 V617F gene
60
# Myeloproliferative Disorder Primary Myelofibrosis | a.k.a **Myelofibrosis with Myeloid Metaplasia**
**Fibrosis** & **Granulocytic hyperplasia** of BM
61
# Lymphoproliferative Disorder Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma | a.k.a Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Small B-cell Neoplasm
62
Popcorn Cell
Pathognomonic cell in Non-Hogkin's Lymphoma
63
Reed-Sternberg Cell
Pathognomonic cell in Hodgkin's Lymphoma
64
# Lymphoproliferative Disorder Hairy Cell Leukemia
**B-cell** malignancy with *hairy like projections*
65
# Lymphoproliferative Disorder Associated Disorder - **Sezary Cells**
Mycoses Fungoides | Malignancy of **T-cells**
66
Flower Cell
Adult T-cell Leukemia | Caused by **HTLV-1**
67
# Gammopathy Multiple Myeloma
Monoclonal gammopathy due to **increased IgG** | Presence of Bence Jonce Proteins
68
# Gammopathy Waldemstrom's Macroglobulinemia
Monoclonal gammopathy due to **increased IgM**

Hematology (6 decks)

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