Wealth Inequality Flashcards
(12 cards)
Unemployment is a main cause- Point, Explain
° Unemployment refers to individuals that are deemed capable of working, but do not currently have a job. If you are unemployed, you will not receive wages for the necessities you need to survive. It also means you may not be able to take advantage of opportunities to gain the skills required for employment.
° unemployment causes wealth inequality because when people lose their jobs they experience a significant reduction in financial resources. this loss of income can make it difficult for them to cover basic living expenses which can lead to poverty
Unemployment is a man cause- Example
For example, households where no one is in work has a poverty rate of over 50%. however in households where someone is in full time work, their poverty rate is around 10%.
Unemployment not a main cause- Point, Explain
° Areas in the UK with higher levels of employment have higher levels of poverty, meaning there must be more significant factors at hand.
° Unemployment is then not the main cause of wealth inequality because if it was the main cause, we would see much lower poverty rates in the UK than we do today.
Unemployment not a main cause- Example
For example, the UK’s poverty rate of 20% is much bigger compared to the poverty rate 4.3% as of September 2023.
Education is a main cause- point, Explain
° people with lower levels of education often have access to a small range of job opportunities. many high paying jobs require specific skills and knowledgethat are typically obtained through education.
° a lack of education created wealth inequality because without those qualifications, people will be stuck in low paying low skilled jobs and makes it difficult to escape poverty.
Education is a main point- example
For example, the JRF foundthe poverty rate was lowest for those qualified to a degree level (around 10%) compared to those with no qualification whohad a poverty rate of around 40%.
education isn’t a main point- point explain
° Thisis because English students can pay over £9,000 a year to go to university. In contrast, most Scottish students willnot have to pay for their first degree or even for some post graduate degrees that can lead to well paid jobs such asteaching.
° creates wealth inequality because many students who attend university rely on student loans to cover their tuition, fees, and living expenses. The burden of repaying these loans can be financially challenging, making it difficult for graduates to meet other financial obligations and forcing individuals in to poverty.
Education isn’t a main point- example
For example, considering the poverty rate in Scotland is 3% lower compared to England, the greater barriers to education may explain some ofEngland’s higher poverty rate.
gender discrimination- point explain
° There is still some evidence of discrimination (sexism) against women in employment despite this being illegal. The 2022 Gender Equality and the Workplace report by Randstad found that the majority (72%) of women had either encountered or witnessed inappropriate behaviour from male colleagues at work, and that two-thirds (67%) of women had experienced gender discrimination in some form.
° Gender discrimination creates wealth inequality because it has contributed to the creation and entrenchment of the gender pay that sees women paid less for the doing the same/similar job to men, creating disparity between the two groups where earnings are concerned.
gender discrimination- example
For example, the gap among full-time employees increased in 2023 to 7.7%
gender roles- point, Explain
° there are still stereotypes permeating society that suggest men and women have different roles to play in the workplace and at home. In particular, some believe that women should ‘stay at home’ to look after their children and provide other caring responsibilities, which is typically an unpaid role.
° Gender roles and stereotypes create wealth inequality because as a result more women work part time (or are unemployed) and these jobs are typically lower paid with fewer progression opportunities. This makes it more likely that women will be unable to meet their basic needs and have financial independence.
gender roles- example
For example, the Fawcett Society estimates that 54,000 women in the UK are forced to leave their job every year after becoming a mother.
