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Web and App > Web Development > Flashcards

Web Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is Mobile Web?

A

Access to the world wide web from a handheld mobile device, such as a smartphone and a tablet computer.

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2
Q

What is HTML (HyperText Markup Language):

A

A well-known mobile markup language;
Display data;
May not be appropriate for mobile devices due to resolution, storage, and bandwidth limit.

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3
Q

What is XHTML (Extensible HTML):

A

Combines the tag set of HTML with XML (extensible markup language – transport and store data);
Best markup choice for HTML-capable mobile browsers.

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4
Q

Define Mark-Up Language

A

A system for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text.

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5
Q

What is MIME?

A

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME).
A standard that classifies resources and provides information about how to handle them.
Many e-mail clients support MIME to send and receive graphics, audio and video files.

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6
Q

What features came about in HTML5 which were not present in XHTML or HTML?

A

New HTML doctype: .
New structural markup elements (e.g. , ).
New and markup elements.
APIs for 2d drawing, media playback, drag/drop and cross-document messaging.

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7
Q

What is XML?

A

Extensible Markup Language, a markup language that defines rules for encoding doc that is human- and machine-readable.

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8
Q

What is this an example of?

Title of the document

The content of the document……

A

HTML5 Document

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9
Q

What does DOCTYPE declaration do?

A

DOCTYPE declaration defines the document type.

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10
Q

What does the text between and do?

A

The text between and describes the web page.

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11
Q

What does the text between and “’ do?

A

The text between and is the visible page content.

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12
Q

What does the text between and do?

A

The text between and is the heading.

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13
Q

Explain this line of Code:

“:”

A

This line of code tells our browser that we want to link with a Style Sheet, that it’s located in the same folder as our XHTML page, and that it’s named “style.css”.

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14
Q

What is the function of a <div> tag?</div>

A

<div> tag defines a division in an HTML document (with “class” header).
</div>

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15
Q

What is CSS?

A

Cascading Style Service, a style sheet language used to describe the presentation semantics of a document written in a markup language.

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16
Q

What is URI?

A

URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)?
A string of characters used to identify the content, whether it be a page of text, a video or sound clip.
For example: file:///home/username/books/.

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17
Q

Explain the Form Element?

A

The element supports action, enctype, and method attributes to specify the URL to submit form data.

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18
Q

What is the Enctype?

A

Enctype: this attribute specifies how the form-data should be encoded when submitting it to the server.

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19
Q

Explain the Table Element?

A

element contains and child elements: two kinds of cells:
Header cells - contains header information (created with the element).
Standard cells - contains data (created with theelement).

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20
Q

What is an Access Key?

A

A key that the user can use to press in order to activate further functionalities
Access keys combined with ordered list (<ol> and <li> tags): <ol> refers to numbers and <li> wraps texts.</li></ol></li></ol>

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21
Q

Why do we need CSS?

A 
Separation of content from presentation.
Site-wide styling consistency. 
Bandwidth.
Page reformatting.
Accessibility (HTML tables).
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22
Q

What is WML?

A

An XML-based markup language for mobile devices.
Predating XHTML-MP.
Less used for new Mobile Web projects.
A WML document is known as a “deck”.

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23
Q

What is metadata?

A

it is data that describes other data, and summarises
basic information about data to make it is easier to find and work
with data. Document metadata is defined using the tag, and formatted using “name” and “content” attributes.

24
Q

In WML, what is stored in the Header?

A

A header – stores document metadata and access control.

25
Q

In WML, What is the function of the tag?

A

To restrict the data access by domain and path URL (uniform resource locator) components.

26
Q

Explain the <a> tag Hyperlink feature in WML?</a>

A

<a> tag – Specifies the link location in the href attribute (hypertext reference). For example,
</a><a>Listing 3-5</a>

27
Q

Explain the tag Hyperlink feature in WML?

A

tag – Creates hyperlinks in WML documents. For example,

label task

28
Q

Explain the tag Hyperlink feature in WML?

A

tag – Creates links in WML. For example,

task img

29
Q

Explain the <img></img> tag feature in WML?

A

<img></img> tag embeds an image into a WML document.
“src” attribute specifies the image URL.
“width” and “height” attributes set the image dimensions.
“align” attribute aligns the image to the text line, which has values as top, middle or bottom.
i.e. <img></img>

30
Q

What is the WAP?

A

WAP: Wireless Application Protocol for mobile devices.

31
Q

Does WML support tables?

A

WML supports primitive tables to display data in a grid format.
tag has single attribute columns, which define the column number in the table.

32
Q

Explain the tag feature in WML?

A

tag that waits 5 seconds before expiring. For example,

33
Q

Explain the intimate event: feature in WML?

A

Ontimer event: navigates to any URL, e.g. external cards and documents. For example,

34
Q

What is PHP?

A

PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, codes are executed on the server, and the results are returned to the browser as plain HTML. PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language. Much of its syntax is borrowed from C,Javaand Perl. The goal is to allow web developers to write dynamically generated pages quickly. All PHP code is contained with a tag and saved with the .php extension.

35
Q

What can PHP do?

A

PHP can generate dynamic page content.
PHP can create, open, read, write, and close files on the server.
PHP can collect form data.
PHP can send and receive cookies.
PHP can add, delete, modify data in a database.
PHP can restrict users to access some pages on your website.
PHP can encrypt data.

36
Q

why should someone use PHP?

A

PHP runs on different platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X, etc.).
PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.).
PHP has support for a wide range of databases.
PHP is free.
PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side.

37
Q

In PHP, how would one ‘define’ a variable?

A

In PHP, we define a variable with the following form: $variable_name = Value.

38
Q

What does the echo command do in PHP?

A

Outputs text to screen

39
Q

How would one out put a single quotation mark inside a single quotation mark output string i.e.
echo ‘Iphone 8 - It’s Here!’;

A

By escaping the single quote with a backslash i.e.

echo ‘Iphone 8 - It's Here!’;

40
Q

What possible ways are there to commit in PHP

A

// or #

41
Q

Thefopenfunction needs two important pieces of information to operate correctly, What are they?

A

Firstly, the name of the file that we want it to open.
Secondly, tell the function what we plan on doing with that file.

$ourFileName = “testFile.txt”; $ourFileHandle = fopen($ourFileName, ‘w’) or die(“can’t open file”); fclose($ourFileHandle);

42
Q

Explain the below snippet:

action=”uploader.php”-

A

The name of the PHP page that will be created shortly.

43
Q

Explain the below snippet: method=”POST”-

A

Informs the browser that we want to send information to the server using POST.

44
Q

Explain the below snippet:

input type=”hidden” name=”MA…-

A

Sets the maximum allowable file size, in bytes, that can be uploaded.
input

45
Q

Explain

name=”uploadedfile”-uploadedfile

A

This is how we will access the file in the PHP script.

46
Q

What is a Social Networking service?

A

An online service, platform, or site that facilitates the social relations among people who can share interests, activities, background or real-life connections.

47
Q

What is the ASP?

A

ASP: Active Server Pages, Microsoft’s firstserver-sidescript enginefor dynamically generated web pages.
Initially released as an add-on toInternet Information Services(IIS) via theWindows NT 4.0 Option Pack(ca. 1996), it was subsequently included as a free component of Windows Server.

48
Q

What is the function of a HTTP Post method?

A

This is one of the most commonly used methods for submitting data to a web server.
HTTP POST allows posting messages to bulletin boards, mailing lists and newsgroups.
HTTP POST responses are not cacheable unless they contain appropriate headers.

49
Q

What is the function of theServer Interface?

A

To initialise communication with the server.
To make an HTTP request to the server.
To send parameters as POST data.
To get a response and return it as a string.

50
Q

What is the function of this code snippet?

A

Gives the android Application access to the internet

51
Q

What is HTTP?

A

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.

52
Q

Explain Optimisation of Mobile Mark-up…

A

Post-processing techniques for mobile markup and Web server optimizations that prepare Mobile Web content for transmission across mobile networks and maximize the ability of mobile browsers to cache the content.

53
Q

What is the goal of Optimising of Mobile Mark-up?

A

To reduce a Web document to its smallest possible file size without disturbing its functionality or introducing extra latency.

54
Q

Describe ways to Optimise Mobile Mark-up?

A

Use no more CSS than absolutely necessary.
Use no more libraries than absolutely necessary.
Minimise the number of images used in the document.
Remove Whitespace: spaces, tabs, and line breaks.
We request “minification”: the software industry term for removing unnecessary content from a Web document.

55
Q

How to optimise an image for mobile applications

A

Reduce the dimensions of the image.
Reduce the number of colours used in the image.
Use image compression to reduce the file size.

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